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221.
We discuss utility maximization problems with exponential preferences in an incomplete market where the risky asset dynamics
is described by a pure jump process driven by two independent Poisson processes. This includes results on portfolio optimization
under an additional European claim. Value processes of the optimal investment problems, optimal hedging strategies and the
indifference price are represented in terms of solutions to backward stochastic equations driven by the Poisson martingales.
Via a duality result, the solution to the dual problems is derived. In particular, an explicit expression for the density
of the minimal martingale measure is provided. The Markovian case is also discussed. This includes either asset dynamics dependent
on a pure jump stochastic factor or claims written on a correlated non tradable asset. 相似文献
222.
This study investigates the impact of different soil and water conservation (SWC) technologies on the variance of crop production in Ethiopia to determine the risk implications of the different technologies in different regions and rainfall zones. Given the production risks posed by climate change, such information can be used by decision makers to identify appropriate agricultural practices that act as a buffer against climate change. Results show that SWC investments perform differently in different rainfall areas and regions of Ethiopia and that the effectiveness of technologies such as irrigation, fertilizer, and improved seeds often depends on whether these investments are coupled with SWC measures. These results underscore the importance of the selection of appropriate combinations of technologies and careful geographical targeting when promoting and scaling up SWC technologies for adaptation to climate change. 相似文献
223.
Budget processes: Theory and experimental evidence 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Karl-Martin Ehrhart Roy Gardner Jürgen von Hagen Claudia Keser 《Games and Economic Behavior》2007,59(2):279-295
This paper studies budget processes, both theoretically and experimentally. We compare the outcomes of bottom-up and top-down budget processes. It is often presumed that a top-down budget process leads to a smaller overall budget than a bottom-up budget process. Ferejohn and Krehbiel [Ferejohn, J., Krehbiel, K., 1987. The budget process and the size of the budget, Amer. J. Polit. Sci. 31, 296–320] showed theoretically that this need not be the case. We test experimentally the theoretical predictions of their work. The evidence from these experiments lends strong support to their theory, both at the aggregate and the individual subject level. 相似文献
224.
Siegfried K. Berninghaus Karl-Martin Ehrhart Claudia Keser 《Games and Economic Behavior》2002,39(2):177
We present a series of experimental coordination games with a payoff-dominant and a risk-dominant Nash equilibrium. We examine how much local interaction structures affect players' strategy choices. Our three major observations are the following: First, local interaction with open neighborhoods along a circle leads to less coordination on the payoff-dominant equilibrium than interaction in closed neighborhoods. Second, when players are allocated around a circle, the neighborhood size has, in the long run, no effect on the players' strategy choices. Third, with the same neighborhood size, players allocated on a lattice tend less than players allocated around a circle to coordinate on the payoff-dominant equilibrium. This is true even though the players are given exactly the same instructions. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C72, C92. 相似文献
225.
Mark W. Rosegrant Claudia Ringler 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》1997,41(3):401-428
Projections of global food supply and demand to the year 2020 indicate that food production in the aggregate is likely to keep pace with growing populations and incomes, and that real food prices will be stable or slowly declining. This article examines the possible environmental and resource constraints to long-term food production growth and explores the implications of these possible constraints for food and resource policies. The article reviews and synthesises the evidence on biophysical limits to crop productivity; plant genetic resources and biotechnology; the availability of plant nutrients; soil and land degradation; the increasing scarcity and declining quality of water; and the impact of global climate change on agriculture. 相似文献
226.
227.
In 1986, the American Soybean Association filed a Section 301 petition under the Trade Act of 1974, alleging that European Community oilseed subsidies nullified and impaired benefits of previous trade concessions, specifically the tariff binding of 1962. Two bilateral trade agreements were negotiated to remedy the dispute, the Blair House Agreement and the Memorandum of Understanding on Oilseeds. The impacts of these trade agreements were simulated using a three-region trade model. Results indicated that neither supply constraints nor penalties for overproduction will contribute to a recovery of USA soybean exports to the EC. En 1986, la Société Américaine de Soya avait envoyé une petition de la Section 301 d'Accord de Commerce de 1974, alléguant que les subventions pour les graines d'huile de la Communauté Europeénne avail empéche de faire des bénéfices sur les anciennes concessions commerciales, surtout le tarif limitant de 1962. Deux accords bilatéraux avaient été négociés pour arranger la dispute, l'Agreement du Blair House et le Memorandum sur la Compréhension des graines d'huile. Les effets de ces accords ont été simulés en utilisant un modéle commercial de trois regions. Les resultats indiquent que ni les contraintes d'offre, ni les penalités de surplus de production aideront a la récupération des exportations américaines vers la Communauté Europeenne. 相似文献
228.
229.
Claudia M. Buch Iris Kesternich Alexander Lipponer Monika Schnitzer 《Review of World Economics》2014,150(2):393-420
Low productivity is an important barrier to the cross-border expansion of firms. But firms may also need external finance to shoulder the costs of entering foreign markets. We develop a model of multinational firms facing real and financial barriers to foreign direct investment (FDI), and we analyze their impact on the FDI decision. Theoretically, we show that financial constraints can affect highly productive firms more than firms with low productivity because the former are more likely to expand abroad. We provide empirical evidence based on a detailed dataset of German domestic and multinational firms which contains information on parent-level financial constraints as well as on the location the foreign affiliates. We find that financial factors constrain firms’ foreign investment decisions, an effect felt in particular by firms most likely to consider investing abroad. The locational information in our dataset allows exploiting cross-country differences in contract enforcement. Consistent with theory, we find that poor contract enforcement in the host country has a negative impact on FDI decisions. 相似文献
230.
We study the impact of work from home (WFH) on subjective well-being during the Covid period, where self-selection of individuals into telework is ruled out, at least part of the time, by stay-at-home orders. We use a difference-in-differences approach with individual fixed effects and identify the specific impact of switching to telecommuting, separately from any other confounding factor. In particular, our identification strategy avoids the influence of interpersonal heterogeneity by exploiting the multiple entries into WFH, by the same individuals, at different times. On average over the period, switching to WFH, especially full-time, worsens mental health. We also find a positive but imprecisely measured impact of part-time WFH on life satisfaction. However, this hides a dynamic evolution, whereby the initial deterioration gives place to an adaptation process after a couple of months. We also uncover a particularly pronounced fall in subjective well-being of women with children, especially in the first months; this could be associated with home-schooling. 相似文献