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131.
Observations of nineteen hospitals show how organizational ideologies are manifested and sustained by beliefs, stories, languages, and ceremonial acts. The data indicate that harmonious ideologies accompany simple structures, but that discordant ones accompany elaborate structures. Through their effects on people and structures, ideologies guide organizations’responses to external threats. 相似文献
132.
Abstract In this paper we propose distribution-free treatments versus control tests for the one- and two-way classifications. The null distribution properties are shown to be equivalent to those of well-known statistics for which critical values have been extensively tabled. Asymptotic relative efficiencies with respect to corresponding normal theory competitors are derived and optimal designs for the allocation of experimental units to the treatments and control are obtained. 相似文献
133.
Joseph G. Rosse Deborah F. Crown Howard D. Feldman 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》1991,4(2):125-135
In the last few years bipartisan support for legalizing drugs has grown to a surprising level. Because of the lack of involvement of the business community in this debate, we surveyed the human resource managers of 127 firms about their perceptions of the effects of legalization. Their responses were uniformly negative, with expectations that drug use, absenteeism, worksite crime, and liability costs would increase, while the quality and quantity of work would decline. They also forecast increases in drug testing, performance monitoring, and education and rehabilitation programs as a result. 相似文献
134.
O. D. Anderson 《Metrika》1978,25(1):241-245
Summary A very simple deduction of a recently treated inequality is presented and some variations on this proof, drawing together various properties, are discussed. Closure of moving average processes undermultiplication is also mentioned. 相似文献
135.
Abstract. In this paper we study the first–order efficiency and asymptotic normality of the maximum likelihood estimator obtained from dependent observations. Our conditions are weaker than usual, in that we do not require convergences in probability to be uniform or third–order derivatives to exist.
The paper builds on Witting and Nolle's result concerning the asymptotic normality of the maximum likelihood estimator obtained from independent and identically distributed observations, and on a martingale theorem by McLeish. 相似文献
The paper builds on Witting and Nolle's result concerning the asymptotic normality of the maximum likelihood estimator obtained from independent and identically distributed observations, and on a martingale theorem by McLeish. 相似文献
136.
Wood DJ 《Business history review》1985,59(3):403-432
137.
D E N van Seventer 《Development Southern Africa》1987,4(1):133-145
This paper discusses the impact of a redistribution of current income from the White to the Black population on the distribution of sectoral output, and total employment by means of a semi‐closed input‐output model.
The results show that a redistribution of current income towards Black households — which no doubt will have positive social and political repercussions — has a non‐negative effect on GDP and a definite positive effect on the performance of sectors with a high private consumption expenditure component, as well as on total employment. 相似文献
138.
Alliance competence, resources, and alliance success: Conceptualization, measurement, and initial test 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
C. Jay Lambe Robert E. Spekman Shelby D. Hunt 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2002,30(2):141-158
This research examines the effect of an alliance competence on resource-based alliance success. The fundamental thesis guiding
this research is that an alliance competence contributes to alliance success, both directly and through the acquisition and
creation of resources. Using survey data gathered from 145 alliances, empirical tests of the hypotheses provide support for
the posited explanation of alliance success. The findings indicate that an alliance competence is not only antecedent to the
resources that are necessary for alliance success but also to alliance success itself.
C. Jay Lambe (Ph.D., The Darden School at University of Virginia) is an assistant professor of marketing in the Pamplin College of Business
at Virginia Tech. For 10 years prior to entering academe, he was engaged in business-to-business marketing for both Xerox
and AT&T. His research interests include business-to-business marketing, relationship marketing, marketing strategy, and sales
management. He has publications in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theJournal of Product Innovation Management, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, theInternational Journal of Management Reviews, theJournal of Business-to-Business Marketing, and theJournal of Relationship Marketing. He also serves as a reviewer for theJournal of Business-to-Business Marketing. Prior to joining the faculty at Virginia Tech, he was one of five Texas Tech University faculty members chosen in 1999 from
the entire university for the annual Outstanding Faculty Member Award by the Mortar Board and Omicron Delta Kappa (Texas Tech
University student organizations that recognize excellence in teaching).
Robert E. Spekman is the Tayloe Murphy Professor of Business Administration at the Darden School at the University of Virginia. He was formerly
a professor of marketing and associate director of the Center for Telecommunications at the University of Southern California.
He is an internationally recognized authority on business-to-business marketing and strategic alliances. His consulting experiences
range from marketing research and competitive analysis, to strategic market planning, supply chain management, channels of
distribution design and implementation, and strategic partnering. He has taught in a number of executive programs in the United
States, Canada, Latin America, Asia, and Europe. His executive program experience ranges from general marketing strategy,
to sales force management, to channels strategy, to creating strategic alliances, to business-to-business marketing strategy,
to a number of single-company and senior executive management programs. He has edited and/or written seven books and has authored
(coauthored) more than 80 articles and papers. He also serves as a reviewer for a number of marketing and management journals,
as well as for the National Science Foundation. Prior to joining the faculty at the University of Southern California, he
taught in the College of Business at the University of Maryland, College Park. During his tenure at Maryland, he was granted
the Most Distinguished Faculty Award by the MBA students on three separate occasions.
Shelby D. Hunt is the J. B. Hoskins and P. W. Horn Professor of Marketing at Texas Tech University, Lubbock. A past editor of theJournal of Marketing (1985–87), he is the author ofModern Marketing Theory: Critical Issues in the Philosophy of Marketing Science (South-Western, 1991) andA General Theory of Competition: Resources, Competences, Productivity, Economic Growth (Sage, 2000). He has written numerous articles on competitive theory, macromarketing, ethics, channels of distribution, philosophy
of science, and marketing theory. Three of hisJournal of Marketing articles—“The Nature and Scope of Marketing” (1976), “General Theories and Fundamental Explananda of Marketing” (1983), and
“The Comparative Advantage Theory of Competition” (1995) (with Robert M. Morgan)—won the Harold H. Maynard Award for the best
article on marketing theory. His 1985Journal of Business Research article with Lawrence B. Chonko, “Ethics and Marketing Management,” received the 2000 Elsevier Science Exceptional Quality
and High Scholarly Impact award. His 1989 article, ”Reification and Realism in Marketing: in Defense of Reason,” won theJournal of Macromarketing Charles C. Slater Award. For his contributions to theory and science in marketing, he received the 1986 Paul D. Converse
Award from the American Marketing Association, the 1987 Outstanding Marketing Educator Award from the Academy of Marketing
Science, and the 1992 American Marketing Association/Richard D. Irwin Distinguished Marketing Educator Award. 相似文献
139.
140.
Changes in the theory of interorganizational relations in marketing: Toward a network paradigm 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
Ravi S. Achrol Ph.D. 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1997,25(1):56-71
The marketing environment in the 21st century promises to be knowledge rich and very turbulent. The classic, vertically integrated,
multidivisional organization, so successful in the 20th century, is unlikely to survive in such an environment. The evidence
indicates it will be replaced by new forms of network organization consisting of large numbers of functionally specialized
firms tied together in cooperative exchange relationships. This article explores the characteristics of four types of network
organization that may represent prototypes of the dominant organizations of the next century. These include the internal market
network, the vertical market network, the intermarket network, and the opportunity network. The economic rationale and the
types of coordination and control mechanisms driving network organizations are very distinct from those studied under the
current exchange or dyadic paradigm. This article analyses the kinds of changes involved in key variables and their meanings
in moving from a dyadic view of exchange to a network view.
Prior to joining the faculty of The George Washington University in 1991, he was on the faculty of the University of Notre
Dame. His areas of research interest include interorganization theory and marketing strategy. His articles have appeared in
theJournal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, Social Science Research, Journal of Business Strategy, Journal of Public
Policy and Marketing, and various other publications. He is a member of the editorial review board of theJournal of Marketing. 相似文献