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831.
Electricity sector reform in developing countries: an econometric assessment of the effects of privatization,competition and regulation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Electricity sectors in both developed and developing countries have been subject to restructuring to introduce private capital
and increase competition. Although the effects of such reforms in a number of the developed economies are now well documented,
the experience of developing countries is much less well researched. This paper provides an econometric assessment of the
effects of privatization, competition and regulation on the performance of the electricity generation industry using panel
data for 36 developing and transitional countries, over the period 1985–2003. The study identifies the impact of these reforms
on generating capacity, electricity generated, labor productivity in the generating sector and capacity utilization. The main
conclusions are that on their own privatization and regulation (PR) do not lead to obvious gains in economic performance,
though there are some positive interaction effects. By contrast, introducing competition does seem to be effective in stimulating
performance improvements.
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832.
Creating public value is problematic in a world of austerity. Joint private and public, and public-public, projects are now an established way of creating public value. Establishing joint goals within a context of different ‘own goals’ is important and difficult. A particular issue facing many organisations in seeking to negotiate joint goals in a collaborative project is that of getting all the key managers from both organisations together over enough of a sequence of meetings for agreements to be meaningful and owned by those who will deliver the project. The development of such goals can be significantly enhanced by (1) using a Group Decision Support System (GDSS) and (2) using a powerful conceptualisation of a goals framework comprising: a goals system; ‘core goals’; ‘meta-goals’; ‘negative’ goals; and ‘above and beyond’ goals. In the case of negotiating joint goals the use of a GDSS has increased productivity to such an extent that powerful negotiated agreements can be achieved with all key managers in the room in as little as one meeting. The combination of high productivity, anonymity, and the structuring of the data has also facilitated the uncovering of ‘negative goals’, and the development of ‘meta-goals’ and ‘above and beyond’ goals. This paper uses three real cases to illustrate the significance of a Group Support System’s contribution and to illustrate the different types of goals. In doing so the paper suggests that facilitating such outcomes requires a carefully designed strategic conversation necessarily supported by a GDSS to enable group decision and negotiation in practice. Two of the cases are from public-public collaboration in the health field, and the other from a private-public setting. 相似文献
833.
Review of Economic Design - This paper provides a novel rationale for the regulation of market size when heterogeneous firms compete. A regulator seeks to maximize total welfare by choosing the... 相似文献
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This paper evaluates whether different labor market policy interventions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have been effective in reducing its adverse impacts. We construct a database covering 165 countries and 39 labor market interventions grouped into four pillars: stimulating the economy and jobs (pillar 1); supporting enterprises, employment, and incomes (pillar 2); protecting workers (pillar 3); and social dialogue (pillar 4). The results revealed that measures taken under pillars 1, 2, and 3 have reduced the impacts of the pandemic on economic growth; measures under pillar 4 were significantly associated with reducing its impacts on employment and those under pillar 2 with reducing its impacts on working hours. 相似文献