全文获取类型
收费全文 | 18700篇 |
免费 | 513篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 3345篇 |
工业经济 | 1190篇 |
计划管理 | 3064篇 |
经济学 | 4505篇 |
综合类 | 557篇 |
运输经济 | 191篇 |
旅游经济 | 303篇 |
贸易经济 | 3161篇 |
农业经济 | 814篇 |
经济概况 | 2065篇 |
邮电经济 | 18篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 157篇 |
2021年 | 176篇 |
2020年 | 334篇 |
2019年 | 408篇 |
2018年 | 602篇 |
2017年 | 721篇 |
2016年 | 612篇 |
2015年 | 376篇 |
2014年 | 533篇 |
2013年 | 2380篇 |
2012年 | 598篇 |
2011年 | 605篇 |
2010年 | 602篇 |
2009年 | 565篇 |
2008年 | 553篇 |
2007年 | 426篇 |
2006年 | 334篇 |
2005年 | 345篇 |
2004年 | 307篇 |
2003年 | 340篇 |
2002年 | 322篇 |
2001年 | 326篇 |
2000年 | 351篇 |
1999年 | 260篇 |
1998年 | 290篇 |
1997年 | 284篇 |
1996年 | 250篇 |
1995年 | 244篇 |
1994年 | 251篇 |
1993年 | 292篇 |
1992年 | 270篇 |
1991年 | 249篇 |
1990年 | 227篇 |
1989年 | 198篇 |
1988年 | 182篇 |
1987年 | 174篇 |
1986年 | 187篇 |
1985年 | 260篇 |
1984年 | 318篇 |
1983年 | 262篇 |
1982年 | 263篇 |
1981年 | 270篇 |
1980年 | 241篇 |
1979年 | 244篇 |
1978年 | 204篇 |
1977年 | 190篇 |
1976年 | 175篇 |
1975年 | 139篇 |
1974年 | 147篇 |
1973年 | 129篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Hélder Vasconcelos 《Journal of Economics & Management Strategy》2008,17(4):973-1010
The impact of demand growth on the collusion possibilities is investigated in a Cournot supergame where market growth may trigger future entry and the collusive agreement is enforced by the most profitable ‘grim trigger strategies’ available. It is shown that even in situations where perfect collusion can be sustained after entry, coping with a potential entrant in a market which is growing over time may completely undermine any pre‐entry collusive plans of the incumbent firms. This is because, before entry, a deviation and the following punishment phase may become more attractive thanks to their additional effect in terms of delaying entry. 相似文献
82.
Bayesian MCMC Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci in a Half-sib Design: a Graphical Model Perspective
N.A. Sheehan B. Gulbrandtsen M.S. Lund D.A. Sorensen 《Revue internationale de statistique》2002,70(2):241-267
Graphical models provide a powerful and flexible approach to the analysis of complex problems in genetics. While task-specific software may be extremely efficient for any particular analysis, it is often difficult to adapt to new computational challenges. By viewing these genetic applications in a more general framework, many problems can be handled by essentially the same software. This is advantageous in an area where fast methodological development is essential. Once a method has been fully developed and tested, problem-specific software may then be required. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the potential use of a graphical model approach to genetic analyses by taking a very simple and well-understood problem by way of example. 相似文献
83.
Competition in the long-distance market in the US continues to intensify; the 1996 Telecommunications Act has led to increased competition in long-distance telephony especially as the Regional Bell Operating Companies have begun to gain entry to long-haul, long-distance markets. In order to better understand the implications of having increased service offerings, models of how customers choose between carriers (and the impact of this choice on subsequent usage) will be useful. We develop the first publicly available models that simultaneously estimate choice and usage for intraLATA long-distance in the US. Utilizing a generalized Tobit model, the price responsiveness of usage and carrier choice are estimated. The results are generally consistent with expectations both in terms of theory and of practical experience in the industry. 相似文献
84.
Telecommunication services have existed as a legal monopoly nearly throughout its entire history. In 1998, telecom market liberalisation was achieved across the European Union (EU) through the introduction of competition among telephone services. Asymmetrical obligations were deemed necessary in order to compensate the market power of the former monopolist.As the evolution of asymmetrical regulation in Spain illustrates, obligations and the telecommunications operators subject to them increased with the regulatory framework established in 2002 in the EU. This new regulatory framework may continue to expand through the inclusion of functional separation as another possible asymmetrical obligation. In short, it seems that the regulatory pressure on the telecommunications industry is increasing, despite the lapse in time since the liberalisation of the industry.In this paper, a methodology developed by the Austrian School of Economics is applied in order to explain why the telecommunication market is subject to increasing regulation in Europe, rather than deregulation, after more than 10 years of liberalisation. In particular, Mises's theory of price control is used to explain the evolution of the regulation of local loop unbundling. 相似文献
85.
JOHN D. WAGSTER 《Journal of Money, Credit and Banking》2007,39(7):1651-1681
This paper confirms that adopting explicit deposit insurance expanded risk-shifting incentives for Canadian Banks and Trust Companies. By transferring responsibility for monitoring non-systematic risk to the Canadian Deposit Insurance Corporation (CDIC), deposit insurance eliminated the compensation previously paid to large-block stockholder monitors. This transfer fueled a redistribution of insured-institution stock from poorly diversified large-block shareholders to diversified investors. Also, subsequent changes in market volatility support the hypothesis that CDIC insurance and the absorption of catastrophic risk it provided reduced systematic risk in the stock market as a whole even as it increased non-systematic risk in the banking and trust-company sector. 相似文献
86.
Antoine Bouët Yvan Decreux Lionel Fontagné Sébastien Jean David Laborde 《Review of International Economics》2008,16(5):850-863
This paper presents MAcMap–HS‐6, a database providing a consistent, ad valorem equivalent measure of tariff duties and tariff rate quotas for 163 countries and 208 partners, at the six‐digit level of the Harmonized System (5111 products), accounting for all preferential agreements. We describe the methodology used to compute and aggregate an ad valorem equivalent of applied protection. Emphasis is placed on minimizing the endogeneity bias in the aggregation procedure, while acknowledging structural differences in export specialization. The resulting quantitative assessment is illustrated by giving an overview of applied protection across the world in 2001, in terms of average as well as distribution. 相似文献
87.
Nozer D. Singpurwalla 《Revue internationale de statistique》2002,70(1):53-65
Making quantified statements about the uncertainty associated with the lifelength of an item is one of the most fundamental tasks of reliability assessment. Most practitioners routinely do this using one of the several available statistical techniques. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. The first is to give the user an overview of the key tenets of two of the most commonly used parametric approaches. The second is to point out that these commonly used approaches involve strategies that are either ad hoc, or are in violation of some of the underlying tenets. A method that is devoid of logical flaws can be proposed, but this method is difficult to implement. The user must therefore resign to using that technique against which the fewest objections can be hurled. 相似文献
88.
The United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS estimates that South Africa has 1.2 million orphans as a result of AIDS. This study investigated the views of communities in KwaZulu-Natal on the potential use of early childhood development (ECD) practitioners for helping children in vulnerable households. It reports on in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with community members and service providers in six different areas of KwaZulu-Natal. Despite the increase in the numbers of deaths, people in affected areas have yet to accept that HIV is the cause. Stigma, denial, myths and witchcraft beliefs were evident, particularly in the rural areas. There was general agreement by the respondents that ECD practitioners with additional training specific to HIV/AIDS could assist families if cost difficulties were overcome. As community members with basic training in childcare they could enhance community responses by linking with community health workers and other service providers to assist children and households in need. 相似文献
89.
Jonathan D. Linton Author Vitae 《Technological Forecasting and Social Change》2008,75(5):583-594
Many see Nanotechnology as the technology that will underlie the next Schumpeterian wave creating new opportunities for wealth and job creation. Further it is a process based or materials technology. Yet all currently used models of innovation are based on assembled products or service products and these simply do not recognize the differences in materials products nor the “enabling” nature of Nanotechnologies. If nanotechnology is poised to become the economic engine of this millennium and if current models of innovation, which are utilized, by policy makers and firm based strategist alike are based on technology product paradigms that are dissimilar to the realities of nanotechnology and other process-based technologies then there is cause for concern.Here the authors provide a model and supporting cases demonstrating a new process or materials based innovation model that is based on the tight coupling between product and process innovation of not only Nanotechnology-based products but other process-based products. This is an important finding, because it identifies and remedies a gap in the literature associated with earlier process and product innovation models. For process-based products like materials, food, chemicals and nanotechnologies any change to the manufacturing processes results in significant changes in end product features. The implications of this model to practice are considered. 相似文献
90.
Small accounting practices (SAP), most of which are sole principals, are an important part of the accounting profession and the Australian economy. This exploratory study identifies issues and challenges experienced by small accounting principals in Far North Queensland, Australia. The findings generally correspond with previous research, ranking staffing and keeping up to date through professional development as key areas of concern, and also highlighting the expectation gap between SAP principals and their clients. Stress emerged as a major concern for principals, and new areas of possible conflict of interests were uncovered. A number of potential areas for future research, including comparative studies in city and suburban areas, have been identified. 相似文献