Does Homeownership Prolong the Duration of Unemployment?

We examine the effects of homeownership on individuals' unemployment durations. An unemployment spell can terminate with a job or with nonparticipation. The endogeneity of homeownership is addressed by estimating a full maximum likelihood function jointly modeling the competing hazards and the probability of being a homeowner. Unobserved factors contributing to the probability of being a homeowner are allowed to be correlated with unobservable heterogeneity in the hazard rates. Not controlling for ownership selection, there is neither a significant difference in the job‐finding hazard nor in the nonparticipation hazard of unemployed owners and renters. If we jointly model the ownership selection, we find that unemployed homeowners are more likely to find a job than renters.     

Who instigates university–industry collaborations? University scientists versus firm employees

While evidence on the causes and effects of university–industry interaction is abundant, little is known about how, and particularly by whom, such interaction is instigated in the first place and subsequently managed. In this paper, we investigate which mode of collaboration (joint research, contract research, consulting, in-licensing, or informal contacts) is more likely to be initiated and managed by firm employees versus by university scientists. Moreover, we are interested in the differences between small and large firms to see whether initiation and management are affected by firm size. Using a sample of 833 German manufacturing firms, our results indicate that university scientists typically start collaborations with industry, while firm employees would take over the management of projects. Results vary markedly between small and large firms, with university scientists having somewhat higher difficulties initiating collaborations with large firms than with small firms.     

创业导向下国外团队簇及管理研究综述

基于CiteSpace的文献共被引分析表明，虽然国外针对团队簇及其管理的研究尚未形成统一的理论框架，但团队簇的多边界协作、群体导向介入、网络影响特性、新合作效应及容量等问题正在成为主要研究方向与热点。据此，关注团队簇层面松散协作关系下的创业生态与创新网络嵌入管理难题，在探讨创新创业交互属性并评述现有成果的基础上，凝练出团队簇管理概念与特征，对应研究热点，归纳团队簇管理在多元创新情景响应、考虑分散协作的社群决策技术创新、考虑动态有效性的协同演化机制、考虑知识生产的创新效能扩散机理等方面的解析评价要点。该研究能够为创业导向下的初创企业及创业化组织变革、创业协同管理实践提供理论参考，通过进一步探索热点问题的解析评价方法与整体研究框架，丰富与扩展团队管理、创新管理与组织变革等理论基础。     

The effect of spatial variables on the economic and environmental performance of bioenergy production chains

The aim of this paper is to understand the impacts of spatial variables on the performance of bioenergy production chains (BPCs). Even though the strong debates continue on the use of first generation biomass for bioenergy production, many countries continue to utilize it as an alternative energy source. Several studies have been carried out on biomass transformation efficiency, on environmental impacts of using crop in biofuel production, and on its negative effects on increasing food prices. However, less attention has been paid to the role played by the spatial variables on the performance measures of BPCs.In this paper, we analyse how three spatial variables, i.e. cultivation area size, land dispersion, and accessibility to cultivation areas, can affect the performance of energy-balanced BPC, which produces its own electric and thermal energy demand. The chain is represented as a network of processes, where all inputs and outputs are geographically referred and analysed in a theoretical case example. We propose an enterprise input-output (EIO) model, which can be used as an accounting tool to compute the main materials and energy flows-related costs and as a planning tool to evaluate the chain performance in different scenarios. Finally, the proposed model is applied to an actual case study, to investigate the opportunity to establish a sunflower-based BPC in Apulia region (Italy) and to assess its performance.Results show that higher land dispersion degree and less area accessibility levels reduce the economic and environmental performance of the BPCs. The construction of the energy-balanced chain reduces the negative environmental impacts caused by fossil energy use in the processes of the BPC. Managerial implications can also be obtained from actual case study about the biodiesel plant location decisions.     

盈余管理寻租的博弈分析与治理

本文通过静态模型和两阶段动态博弈模型,从上市公司和注册会计师两方分析了盈余管理的寻租条件与合谋寻租本质,并提出了相应的治理建议。     

The impact of incentives on the intention to try a new technology

Persuading users to try new technologies continues to be a problem confronting organisations and technology vendors alike. To better understand the process of new technology trial and adoption, several theoretical models have been proposed, of which the Technology Acceptance Model has gained significant support. However, research concerning tangible extrinsic rewards has not been explored. The primary goal of this research is to study the impact of tangible extrinsic rewards on various aspects of an intention to engage in an initial trial of a new technology. The theoretical model was tested on 284 students as subjects in a trial of a new technology. Results suggest that such incentives may be effective in increasing the behavioural intention to try a new technology. Results also identify that when incentives are provided, perceived ease of use and usefulness are the primary drivers towards intentions to try a new technology.     

Ethnic externalities in education and second-generation immigrants

I analyse the role of ethnic and native human capital – defined, respectively, as the average years of schooling of ethnic groups and of natives within a specific region – and of ethnic concentrations in the educational attainment of second-generation immigrants in Germany. Compared to natives’ children, parents’ education has a small and insignificant effect on second-generation immigrants’ education. Ethnic concentrations have a negative effect, while ethnic capital is insignificant. The effect of native capital, too, is insignificant but much larger in magnitude than the effect of ethnic capital. For women, mother’s education is relatively more important. For men, ethnic concentrations constitute a stronger impediment to educational attainment than for women.     

浅析我国绿色信贷的发展

绿色信贷随着社会经济的发展正逐渐成为当今社会可持续发展的一个重要方式,对社会的进步,人与自然的和谐发展有重要促进作用。本文阐述了绿色信贷的含义,分析了促进我国绿色信贷发展的内外因素,并提出相应的政策。