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981.
Implementation and Renegotiation 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
The paper characterizes the choice rules that can be implemented when agents are unable to commit themselves not to renegotiate the mechanism. 相似文献
982.
Eric Trist 《Futures》1980,12(2):113-127
Just as the economic environment can be viewed as having evolved through three stages (perfect competition, imperfect competition, oligopoly), so the wider sociocultural environment has evolved. And each phase has its appropriate behaviour pattern, for individuals and for organisations. The author argues fthat we are now making the transition to a fourth, turbulent, type of environment. The conventional responses are no longer adequate, and indeed cause dissonances which lead to the loss of the stable state. The new environment requires a new response pattern. 相似文献
983.
Shawn D. Howton Eric James Higgins & Timothy B. Biggart 《Journal of Business Finance & Accounting》2000,27(5&6):711-732
This paper examines the stock market reaction and analysts' earnings forecast revisions associated with just-in-time (JIT) inventory system adoption announcements. The stock market reaction is positive, however, analysts do not revise their earnings forecasts when firms announce a JIT adoption. The results of the paper show mixed support for the hypothesis that JIT is viewed by markets as a costly capital expenditure intended to increase the net cash flows of the firm and mixed support for the hypothesis that JIT is viewed by markets only as an accounting change. 相似文献
984.
Paul E. Bierly III Eric M. Stark Eric H. Kessler 《Journal of Product Innovation Management》2009,26(5):551-565
The fundamental dynamics of virtual and traditional face-to-face teams may be very different. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine and assess the moderating effects of virtuality on the antecedents and outcome of trust, where virtuality is measured along a continuum from face to face (no virtuality) to fully virtual rather than the more common approach of dichotomizing teams into two groups (i.e., face to face and virtual). The sample includes 116 different new product development teams from a variety of industries. The antecedents of trust that are studied are familiarity, goal clarity, training, relationship conflict, and process conflict. The outcome of trust is analyzed by determining how the impact of trust on cooperation changes as the level of virtuality changes. Primary findings are as follows: (1) Relationship conflict can be more detrimental to virtual teams than face-to-face teams because it is very difficult for team members of virtual teams to resolve their interpersonal disputes; (2) goal clarity is more important for face-to-face teams and less important for virtual teams in creating trust among team members; and (3) the impact of trust on cooperation is less for virtual teams than face-to-face teams. The primary implication for researchers and practice of these findings is that the role and importance of trust in virtual teams needs to be reevaluated. Managers using virtual teams need to realize that interpersonal relationships in virtual teams do not evolve in the same manner as face-to-face teams and may require different management techniques to be successful. 相似文献
985.
Markov Perfect Equilibrium: I. Observable Actions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We define Markov strategy and Markov perfect equilibrium (MPE) for games with observable actions. Informally, a Markov strategy depends only on payoff-relevant past events. More precisely, it is measurable with respect to the coarsest partition of histories for which, if all other players use measurable strategies, each player's decision-problem is also measurable. For many games, this definition is equivalent to a simple affine invariance condition. We also show that an MPE is generically robust: if payoffs of a generic game are perturbed, there exists an almost Markovian equilibrium in the perturbed game near the initial MPE. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C72, C73. 相似文献
986.
987.
Lawrence W.C. Lai S.K. Wong Eric C.K. Ho K.W. Chau 《Review of urban and regional development studies : RURDS : journal of the Applied Regional Conference》2008,20(1):34-51
Applying the corollary of the Coase Theorem to the development market developed in Lai et al. (2007a) , we evaluate the proposition that procedural steps to use resources are not contingent on property rights assignment, unless the associated transaction costs are positive or property rights are ambiguous. Using aggregate statistics regarding planning applications for residential use, property prices, construction costs, share prices, interest rates, and application success rates in Hong Kong from 1985 to 2005, we evaluated, using regression techniques, the null hypothesis that there was no change in the relationship between readiness for submission of planning applications and property prices in response to changes in the time limits imposed on planning permissions . The relationship was more pronounced or strengthened (less obvious or weakened) when time limits were first imposed and shorter (longer). This can be explained in terms of the transaction costs of switching resource allocation according to the time limit. 相似文献
988.
Eric N. Berkowitz 《Industrial Marketing Management》1978,7(5):291-298
The importance of the sales manager to industrial marketing organizations has long been recognized. Consequently, much attention has been directed to alternative approaches for evaluating his performance. Yet, effective evaluation requires being able to suggest approaches to improve one's performance. In order to recommend corrective actions and diagnose performance problems, an understanding of the operating environment is necessary. Little understanding exists, however, on how variables in the sales manager's environment are interrelated. The focus of this study is an empirical identification of the interrelationships of variables in the sales manager's environment. This approach leads to diagnostic models of the sales manager's role along three dimensions: (1) Over-all performance; (2) administrative responsibilities; and (3) personal selling. Data from one division of a large industrial chemical company are utilized in this investigation. Information was gathered from internal records and questionnaires to the sales managers. Significant empirical results are found along the three dimensions of the sales manager's job. The managerial implications of the findings are reviewed in depth. 相似文献
989.
Why Do Absolute Returns Predict Volatility So Well? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Our objective is volatility forecasting, which is core to manyrisk management problems. We provide theoretical explanationsfor (i) the empirical stylized fact recognized at least sinceTaylor (1986) and Ding, Granger, and Engle (1993) that absolutereturns show more persistence than squared returns and (ii)the empirical finding reported in recent work by Ghysels, Santa-Clara,and Valkanov (2006) showing that realized absolute values outperformsquare return-based volatility measures in predicting futureincrements in quadratic variation. We start from a continuoustime stochastic volatility model for asset returns suggestedby Barndorff-Nielsen and Shephard (2001) and study the persistenceand linear regression properties of various volatility-relatedprocesses either observed directly or with sampling error. Wealso allow for jumps in the asset return processes and investigatetheir impact on persistence and linear regression. Extensiveempirical results complement the theoretical analysis. 相似文献
990.
Eric Hazard Lotje De Vries Mamadou Alimou Barry Alexis Aka Anouan Nicolas Pinaud 《The World Economy》2009,32(11):1563-1585
(1250) Eric Hazard, Lotje De Vries, Mamadou Alimou Barry and Alexis Aka Anouan, with Nicolas Pinaud African countries have deepened their commercial and diplomatic relationships with China and India, and Senegal has been no exception. The historical context of the relationships, however, has differed. While Senegal already enjoyed a long‐lasting and stable relationship with India, relations with China have been more erratic, in particular on account of Dakar’s recognition of the Republic of China. We analyse trade and investment patterns with the Asian Drivers and how Senegal can form a relationship with these two superpowers that can contribute to its national development objectives. Contrary to other countries in Africa, Senegal is not a large producer of natural resources other than phosphates and fisheries and its consumer market is also rather limited. We find scarce evidence of large‐scale FDI flows and the amount of official development assistance is similarly anecdotic. For China and India, Senegal is of some interest as a logistical and commercial centre, rather than a production base for regional or foreign markets. Over the longer run, as these two countries are likely to become more important for Senegal simply on account of their increasing relevance on the world stage, we argue that it is essential that the authorities take these factors into account in developing policies that cater for economic development and social priorities. 相似文献