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991.
992.
Strategic Goals and Practices of Innovative Family Businesses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Joseph E. McCann III Anna Y. Leon-Guerrero & Jonathan D. Jr. Haley 《Journal of Small Business Management》2001,39(1):50-59
A profile of 231 Washington state family businesses is presented. This article focuses on the business strategies of these firms, analyzing the relationship between strategy, performance, and business practices. Firms categorized as Prospector firms reported more gains in their current market position than all other strategic types. These firms were more likely to value an effective management and employee team and to develop new quality products and services and career development plans for non-family employees. Implications for family businesses are discussed. 相似文献
993.
We define and explore the notion of a Dynamic Condorcet Winner (DCW), which extends the notion of a Condorcet winner to dynamic settings. We show that, for every DCW, every member of a large class of dynamic majoritarian games has an equivalent equilibrium, and that other equilibria are not similarly portable across this class of games. Existence of DCWs is guaranteed when members of the community are sufficiently patient. We characterize sustainable and unsustainable outcomes, study the effects of changes in the discount factor, investigate efficiency properties, and explore the potential for achieving renegotiation-proof outcomes. We apply this solution concept to a standard one-dimensional choice problem wherein agents have single-peaked preferences, as well as to one involving the division of a fixed aggregate pay-off. 相似文献
994.
Is it worth subsidising regional repertory theatre? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Subsidies to the performing arts are usually justified by referenceto externality and public goods arguments that are hard to quantify.We suggest that subsidies to theatres may be appropriate becauseof their inability to engage in spatial price discriminationto capture consumer surplus. For one major theatre, we use audiencedata and the Clawson-Knetsch travel cost method to assess theextent of consumer surplus and find that it exceeds the levelof subsidy received from public sources. On the basis of thisexample, current subsidy levels are justifiable even withoutrecourse to traditional externality/public goods arguments. 相似文献
995.
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997.
This study describes the development and validation of an instrument to measure organizational learning. Starting out from a comprehensive analysis of the main organizational learning models in the specialized literature, the organizational learning scale in this study consists of 18 items forming five dimensions: the ontological levels of learning, modes of knowledge conversion, learning sub-processes, types of learning, and feedback and feed-forward flows of learning. A survey to large Spanish companies provides data from 167 companies. Confirmatory factor analysis tests the construct measurement model and validates the scale. The results of the study indicate that the scale satisfies the criteria for reliability, and validity. The exploratory factor analysis permits the identification of four factors which make theoretical sense: information systems, the existence of a framework for consensus, procedures for the institutionalization and broadening of knowledge, and forms of management and the genesis of knowledge. The new construct promises to be more comprehensive, integrative and eclectic than previous constructs, achieving its broad scope by incorporating a number of the main theoretical perspectives on the matter. For practitioners, the scale could form the basis of an auditing tool, as well as being a useful target for organizational change initiatives. 相似文献
998.
Jonathan D. Bohlmann Roger J. Calantone Meng Zhao 《Journal of Product Innovation Management》2010,27(5):741-760
Innovations usually have an initial impact on very few people. The period of learning or early evaluation precedes the diffusion of the technology into the wider addressed population. More than a transfer, this is best characterized as communication of benefits, costs, and compatibility with earlier technologies and a relative assessment of the new state of the art. Innovation development by an organization or individual creates not just a device (i.e., process or tacit knowledge) but concomitantly a capacity on the part of other organizations or persons to use, adopt, replicate, enhance, or modify the technology, skills, or knowledge for their own purposes. How innovations actually diffuse is to understand the communication of progress, and this framing helps one to design innovations and also design the marketing and testing programs to ready innovations for market and launch them efficiently. Diffusion theory's main focus is on the flow of information within a social system, such as via mass media and word‐of‐mouth communications. This theory presents often in the form of mathematical models of innovation and imitation. Distinct from classical diffusion models, however, consumers are not all identical in how they connect to others within a market or how they respond to information. We examine the effects of various network structures and relational heterogeneity on innovation diffusion within market networks. Specifically, network topology (the structure of how individuals in the market are connected) and the strength of communication links between innovator and follower market segments (a form of relational heterogeneity) are studied. Several research questions concerning network heterogeneity are addressed with an agent‐based modeling approach. The present study's findings are based on simulation results that show important effects of network structure on the diffusion process. The ability to speed diffusion varies significantly according to within‐ and cross‐segment communications within a heterogeneous network structure. The implications of the present approach for new product diffusion are discussed, and future research directions are suggested that may add useful insights into the complex social networks inherent to diffusion. A simple summary is that discovery of significant prime communicator nodes in a network allows innovation development practices to be better calibrated to realistically multiple market segments. 相似文献
999.
Perceived insecurity in the public space: Personal, social and environmental variables. This paper explores perception of
insecurity among the users of Barcelona’s public space. It describes the results of a research aimed to determine the key
variables for the understanding of subjective insecurity. Structural equation models have been applied for this purpose. Results
show low relative indices of causality for environmental variables, whereas those related to space representation, residential
satisfaction and urban identity, social support and personal competences offer high predictive potential. It is concluded
that insecurity perceptions in the public space are therefore strongly linked to social interaction processes and to the social
construction of insecurity. Other results, like the influence of gender or age, are consistent with previous findings. 相似文献
1000.
Mark D. Groza 《Managerial and Decision Economics》2010,31(8):517-529
Between the 2004 and 2005 football seasons, 17% of the college football programs competing in the NCAA's Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) changed conference affiliation. Football represents nearly half of the revenue generated by athletic departments competing at the FBS level and is thus critical to their financial success. The objective of this study is to estimate the impact a change in conference affiliation has on football game day attendance. The results indicate teams that changed conferences enjoyed an increase in attendance even after controlling for the increase in quality of competition. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献