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731.
Jean-François LaslierNathalie Picard 《Journal of Economic Theory》2002,103(1):106-130
Within the framework of pure redistribution (dividing one unit of a homo- geneous good among identical individuals), the paper analyses the redistribution that arises from Downsian, two-party, electoral competition. It appears that the strategic behavior of vote-maximizing parties leads them to propose divisions which are not far from the egalitarian one. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C72, D63, D72. 相似文献
732.
Jean-Franois Nivet 《Economics of Transition》1997,5(1):171-183
This paper investigates the development from 1991 to 1994 of the Warsaw Stock Exchange, which opened on April 16th, 1991. An overview is presented focusing first on the deepening of the equity market, with a still limited but increasing number of listed companies, and then on the high trading activity and price dynamics with their impressive outburst in 1993. Three important dimensions are thereafter analyzed: the relevance of organizational and regulatory choices, the degree of market inefficiency and the origin of the discrepancy between IPO prices and first quoted market prices. Concluding remarks concentrate on the market's ability to fulfil its fundamental tasks. 相似文献
733.
734.
This paper examines, in a Canadian context, the effect of short sales regulation on the risk-return relationship. It shows that, theoretically, the opportunity cost induced by short sales regulation is positively related to the dispersion of agents' beliefs and negatively related to the security's liquidity level. The model is tested over the sixty-month period from January 1985 through December 1989. All the 13,079 observations are pooled into a time series cross-sectional model. The results corroborate that a negative linear relationship links expected risky asset returns and the divergence of agents' beliefs. This negative relationship is consistent with the presence of opportunity costs resulting from short sales regulation when return beliefs are heterogeneous. However, the negative relationship between security returns and dispersion of beliefs is essentially confined to illiquid securities, that is, those monitored by a small number of analysts. 相似文献
735.
François Bourguignon 《Journal of Economic Theory》1974,9(2):141-158
This paper generalizes to uncertaintly the neoclassical one-sector model by transforming the basic differential equation on the capital labor ratio into a “stochastic” differential equation. The capital-labor ratio and related economic variables become random variables whose probability distributions vary with time, and the paper is focused on the existence of a steady state denfined by the (probabilistic) stationarity of these variables. An application of the results is given for a specific example with a Cobb-Douglas production function and uncertainty on the saving coefficient, the labor-force rate of growth, and the capital depreciation rate. 相似文献
736.
In a pure exchange economy with two private commodities and one collective externality, a non-tâtonnement process is formulated, which yields a rule for adjusting an effluent charge of the Pigovian type from the level zero (at a laissez-faire equilibrium) up to a level that sustains an optimum. Besides convergence (Theorem 3) and monotonous decrease of the externality (Theorem 2) along a continuous path of price equilibria (Theorem 1), the paper analyses the distributional implications of alternative redistribution schemes for the proceeds of the charge. Various interpretations of the ‘polluters pay’ principle are discussed in conjunction with property rights. 相似文献
737.
738.
739.
The struggle between sail and steam is a long-standing theme in economic history. But this technological competition story has only partly tackled, since most studies have appreciated the rivalry between the two alternative modes of commercial sea carriage in the late 19th century while the early period has remained relatively under-analysed. This paper models the early dynamics between the two capital goods using a vector autoregression approach (VAR) and a Multivariate Markov Chain approach (MMC). We find evidence that the relationship was non-linear, with a strong indication of complementarities and cross-technology learning effects. 相似文献
740.
Pierre-Philippe Combes Miren Lafourcade Jacques-François Thisse Jean-Claude Toutain 《Explorations in Economic History》2011,(2):243-271
This paper studies the evolution and determinants of spatial inequalities in France. To this end, we use a unique database providing data on value-added, employment, and population over the entire set of French “Départements” in 1860, 1896, 1930, 1982, and 2000. These data cover three sectors: Agriculture, Manufacturing, and Services. Firstly, we confirm the existence of a bell-shaped process of spatial concentration in Manufacturing and Services over time. In contrast, labor productivity has been converging across departments. Secondly, we find considerable agglomeration economies over the whole period. The spatial distribution of these gains is determined mainly by market potential in the first sub-period, 1860–1930, and higher education in the second, 1930–2000. 相似文献