Grid analysis for sales supervision

Falling to recognize the unique need and desire of salespeople, the sales manager tends to allocate supervisory time according to the amount of his or her past selling experience. This time allocation results in either the excessive or insufficient supervision of sales personnel. This article describes a process of arriving at a more optimum allocation of supervisory time.     

我国银行业不良资产状况和变化趋势分析

我国银行业在转轨过程中积累了大量的信贷风险,不良贷款主要集中在国有商业银行,且不良贷款率较高,损失类贷款比重较大,主要产生于制造业、批发零售业和房地产业。我国新一轮投资膨胀可能会造成银行不良贷款大幅上升,这些贷款风险可能会在今后几年内显现。     

聚丙烯酰胺对室温磷化液磷化性能的影响

考察了功能性聚合物聚丙烯酰胺对室温磷化液磷化性能的影响。结果发现 ,向磷化液中加入聚丙烯酰胺 ,有利于其磷化性能的提高 ;聚丙烯酰胺功能基团的离子性影响磷化液的磷化性能 ,与非离子和阴离子功能基团相比 ,阳离子功能基团更有利于磷化性能的提高 ;聚丙烯酰胺的离子度和分子量对磷化液磷化性能几乎没有影响 ;随着聚丙烯酰胺浓度的增大 ,磷化液磷化性能提高 ,但其浓度增大到一定值后 ,磷化性能不再有明显的变化。     

Determinants of the ARM share of national and regional lending

We model the ARM share of mortgage lending and provide several unique contributions to the mortgage choice literature. First, we motivate the use of the price spread between fixed- and adjustable-rate credit as a regressor by constraining the effect of FRM and ARM prices to be symmetric and show that the data support this restriction. Second, our data span a far longer time period (six years) than previous research. Third, we estimate separate share equations by region, allowing us to contrast geographic variation in ARM shares. Fourth, we examine the effect of convertible ARMs—which became prevalent in mid-1987—on overall ARM lending.     

The Economics of Farm Fragmentation: Evidence from Ghana and Rwanda

Farm fragmentation, in which a household operates more thanone separate parcel of land, is a common phenomenon in Sub-SaharanAfrica. Concerned by the perceived costs of fragmented as opposedto consolidated holdings, several countries have implementedland consolidation programs. But these interventions overlookthe benefits that land fragmentation can offer farmers in managingrisk, in overcoming seasonal labor bottlenecks, and in bettermatching soil types with necessary food crops. This articleuses household data from Ghana and Rwanda to discuss the incidenceand causes of fragmentation. It then formally tests the relationbetween fragmentation and land productivity and risk reduction.The conclusion is that consolidation programs are unlikely tolead to significant increases in land productivity and may actuallymake farmers worse off. Policymakers should focus instead onreducing the root causes of fragmentation: inefficiencies inland, labor, credit, and food markets.     

Seasonal Variation in Cost-of-Funds at Thrift Institutions

The purpose of this note is threefold. First, in addition to the well-known seasonal pattern to the eleventh-district cost-of-funds (COF), we document a twelve-month seasonal in the national median COF. Second, we demonstrate that the cause of seasonality in each of these COF series is due to the maladjustment of length-of-month effects. In particular, the eleventh-district COF is biased upwards in relatively short months while the national median is biased downward. Third, we show that the popular partial adjustment model for modeling the COF is misspecified.     

Median‐voter Equilibria in the Neoclassical Growth Model under Aggregation*

We study a dynamic version of Meltzer and Richard's median‐voter model where agents differ in wealth. Taxes are proportional to income and are redistributed as equal lump‐sum transfers. Voting occurs every period and each consumer votes for the tax that maximizes his welfare. We characterize time‐consistent Markov‐perfect equilibria twofold. First, restricting utility classes, we show that the economy's aggregate state is mean and median wealth. Second, we derive the median‐voter's first‐order condition interpreting it as a tradeoff between distortions and net wealth transfers. Our method for solving the steady state relies on a polynomial expansion around the steady state.     

高新技术开发区在区域创新中的作用及发展对策

区域创新是提升区域竞争力的根本动力,高新技术开发区则是区域不断创新的极点与载体。高新技术开发区对区域创新网络的构建以及高新技术开发区各主体对区域创新都具有非常重要的作用。在科学发展观指导下采取有力的措施,提高高新技术开发区自身的创新能力、促进高新技术开发区的进一步发展就尤为重要。     

股权分置改革：效应分析与优化对策

本文在简要分析股权分置制度缺陷的基础上,探讨了股权分置改革将使资本市场产生的效应,分析股权分置改革完成后中国证券市场在功能、规则、行为、理念和监管等领域可能发生的重大变化,为深入推进我国股权分置改革提供借鉴和建议。     

Financial comparability and environmental diversity: an international context

Accounting and environmental management both hold improved resource‐use efficiency as an ultimate goal, but intermediate processes and objectives vary and consequently it is separately assessed within each discipline. This paper intends to make visible the globalizing trends in accounting practice, which aim to standardize financial reporting to produce comparable information so that shareholders can maximize their economic wealth. This paper seeks to contrast this comparability strategy with the apparent need for diversity in accounting information exhibited by actual accounting practices, the information needs of environmental management and, ultimately, the cultural needs of sustainable development. We argue that a more pluralistic model, that enables a holistic assessment of corporate performance and balances diverse stakeholder objectives, is better suited to an uncertain future. Implementation requires accountants and environmental managers jointly to create and test a new order of reporting. There are many practical challenges but most significantly accountants and environmental managers must combine to enhance the visibility and credibility of these diverse performance measures. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. and ERP Environment