IFRS强制采用、投资者保护、应计与真实盈余管理——基于28个国家和地区的研究

检验了IFRS的强制采用对应计与真实盈余管理的影响,并进一步探讨了投资者保护在此过程中所扮演的角色。利用来自28个强制采用IFRS的国家和地区2001-2008年数据,研究发现:第一,强制采用IFRS后,公司应计盈余管理程度增大,真实盈余管理程度减小;第二,与直接强制采用IFRS的国家和地区相比,在间接强制采用IFRS的国家和地区,公司应计盈余管理更多、真实盈余管理更少;第三,在投资者保护更好的国家和地区,强制采用IFRS之后应计盈余管理显著增加;第四,在投资者保护更好的国家和地区,与直接强制采用IFRS的国家和地区相比,在间接强制采用IFRS的国家和地区,公司的应计盈余管理更少;第五,良好的投资者保护可以抑制应计盈余管理行为,但是对真实盈余管理行为几乎没有影响。     

The exceptional performance of Chinese outward direct investment firms

This paper finds that Chinese manufacturing firms that engage in outward foreign direct investment (ODI) have better economic performance than non-ODI manufacturing firms. Overall, ODI firms are more productive and have higher profitability than non-ODI firms. The sector analysis shows that the exceptional performance is significant for labor-intensive industries. Finally, the ODI activity can raise the productivity of other firms in an industry. The larger the ODI within an industry, the higher the productivity of all firms in that industry. The paper suggests that domestic firms set up their firm’s global strategy and reallocate the firm’s resources according to the changing investment environment, taking advantages of profit opportunities outside of domestic markets and invest abroad to get new markets and new technology.     

司马迁的因俗以治思想及其现实镜鉴?

作为一种非正式制度,习俗在国家的社会经济发展和治理中起着非常重要的作用,在我国的古代社会尤其如此。司马迁较早注意到了俗与治的内在关联,但学术界忽视了其在司马迁经济思想中的重要地位。文章对司马迁的经济思想谱系中“俗”与“治”两大重要范畴进行了关联阐述,介绍了司马迁“因俗以治”治道思想的源流和主张,并结合现代经济学理论对其进行延伸与扩展,探讨其现实意义。研究发现：(1)司马迁的治道思想兼容了道家与儒家的无为而治思想的不同侧面,而其“善因论”的要义正在于“俗之所欲,因而予之”。(2)因俗以治的核心是因循人“生有欲”和“皆为利”的本性及民间习俗来因地制宜、因时制宜地立俗施事,以达至“事少而功多”的理想治理效果。(3)由于司马迁的经济思想带有浓厚的经验色彩和朴素性质,而且中国古代社会缺乏良好的市场环境,因此其在近代以前始终未得到重视和采纳。(4)司马迁“因俗以治”思想给现代国家治理带来了众多启示：一是要尊重风俗习惯并加以因势利导;二是要注重习俗等非正式制度与正式制度的兼容;三是要让好的习俗成为一种稳态均衡而固定下来并延续下去。文章不仅是对司马迁经济思想研究的丰富和拓展,而且对中国国家治理能力的提升也提供了有益的历史借鉴。     

International trade and firm innovation: patterns and evidence from the Chinese Employer-Employee Survey data

ABSTRACT

How international trade fosters firm innovation is crucial in understanding how economic integration boosts productivity growth. This study uses the Chinese Employer-Employee Survey data set, which contains detailed, firm-level information on exports, imports, and innovation. The study documents several stylized facts characterizing the interaction between international trade and innovation among Chinese firms. The main findings are that exporters and importers are exceptional in production and innovation; exporters are more inclined to import material and machinery inputs; domestic and private firms do not seem to be more innovative than their counterparts.

Abbreviations: CEES: Chinese Employer-Employee Survey; FIE: Foreign investment enterprise; NBS: National Bureau of Statistics of China; SOE: State-owned enterprise     

电子化环境下外贸企业的合同风险及其应对——CISG第11条保留撤回引发的思考

摘要：2013年1月，中国撤回了对CISG第11条的保留。一方面，有利于我国对外贸易与国际接轨，提高对外贸易效率；而另一方面，在全球金融危机的阴霾尚未消散之时，在全球贸易环境电子化的形势下，撤回必然会导致中国外贸企业所面临的贸易环境恶化，贸易风险的增加，特别是贸易环境电子化带来的挑战。中国外贸企业为了尽快适应这种贸易环境的变化，必须得采取一系列对策，从企业内部行为出发，建立合同法律风险管理机制、建立风险信息管理体系、灵活应用各种风险转移手段，注重电子订约的风险管理，熟悉电子订约相关法规，积极适应与应用电子可转让记录贸易。     

中欧制造业产品内贸易对中国绿色技术溢出效应的影响

为分析贸易对绿色技术的传递作用，基于中间品贸易的技术溢出机制，选取2000—2019年中欧15个细分制造业数据，使用OECD环境技术专利数据库计算欧盟和中国绿色技术知识存量，从产品内贸易视角研究垂直专业化分工对中国绿色技术溢出的影响。结果表明：第一，产品内贸易具有显著正向溢出效应，且通过垂直专业化分工调节，绿色技术的行业溢出效应进一步放大；第二，相较于进口，产品内出口通过产业规模集聚表现出更为显著的出口学习效应，非物化型前沿环保技术更容易通过产品内出口向中国转移；第三，专业化分工对制造业内绿色技术创新能力的推动作用存在行业异质性。因此，中国应加强与环保技术领先国的产品内贸易，通过模仿学习不断吸收物化于产品中的环保工艺，从而推动本国绿色技术迭代和更新。     

有限公司隐名出资的法律规制研究

隐名出资是经济领域内普遍存在的现象,它对于活跃市场有积极意义,但也存在一些亟需解决的法律问题.通过阐释隐名出资的起源、成因及分类,分析隐名出资常见的法律问题及其司法实践,提出了立法完善的建议.     

Finding diamonds in the rough: Analysts’ selective following of loss‐reporting firms

Investors face greater difficulty valuing loss‐reporting than profit‐reporting firms: losses may be due to very different reasons (e.g., poor operating performance or investments in intangibles, and financial accounting information is of more limited use for valuing loss‐making firms than profit‐making firms. Because of increased uncertainty about loss firms’ future financial and business viability, we hypothesize that financial analysts will be more selective when choosing to follow loss firms than profit firms, with the result that “abnormal” analyst following will be more informative to investors regarding the future performance of loss firms than profit firms. Consistent with this prediction, we find that abnormal analyst coverage is useful for predicting firms’ future prospects, and is more strongly associated with future performance (stock returns and ROA) for loss firms than for profit firms. The market, however, does not seem to use this useful information when pricing loss firms: for loss firms a portfolio investment strategy based upon abnormal analyst following can generate positive excess returns over 1‐ to 3‐year holding periods. These results are stronger for persistent‐loss firms than for occasional‐loss firms. We conclude that abnormal analyst following contains useful information about firms’ future prospects, and even more so for loss firms than for profit firms.     

Firm R&D,Processing Trade and Input Trade Liberalisation: Evidence from Chinese Firms

This paper examines the impact of input trade liberalisation on firm R&D activity by taking China's accession to the WTO as a quasi‐natural experiment. Different from ordinary imports, processing imports in China enjoy zero tariffs and are not affected by input trade liberalisation due to the WTO accession. The paper uses disaggregated firm‐level production data and transaction‐level trade data to perform difference‐in‐difference analysis by taking processing import firms as a control group. An intensive empirical search shows that after China's accession to the WTO, input trade liberalisation fostered firm R&D significantly. The findings are robust to different measures and various empirical specifications.     

组织内平行影响文献综述及研究展望

平行影响是指组织内部门成员在工作过程中影响其他部门成员的态度、观念和行为,是组织内伴随工作任务出现的一个日常事项,理解和掌握平行影响的过程和策略将有利于影响者的价值实现和作用发挥,对组织内部门地位提升的意义也很重大。本研究从影响的概念及相似概念的区分开始,梳理平行影响的概念及意义,并对平行影响的结果、过程及策略行为的研究进行整理,最后提出平行影响未来研究的展望。