How Effective Is Government Support for Korean Women Entrepreneurs in Small and Medium Enterprises?*

Women entrepreneurs are not as involved in economic activities as should be expected, despite the growing number of women entrepreneurs and increased government support in Korea. This study aims to investigate how effective the government is in terms of boosting the satisfaction of women entrepreneurs using the structural equation model. We investigated causal effect of government support policy and government support process on women entrepreneurs' satisfaction along with many other personal factors such as individual capacity, family life, social network, and business environment. The empirical results show that the government support process has the highest effect on the improvement of the satisfaction of women entrepreneurs. However, the current level of government support process is relatively low and therefore needs to be improved. It is interesting to note that the government support policy has the least effect on the satisfaction of women entrepreneurs. That is, women entrepreneurs are not sensitive to the support scale, support program, and gender‐sensitive policies currently employed in Korea. Also, we obtain the satisfaction index of women entrepreneurs according to their marital status, presence of children, age, education level, and business type. Finally, we propose improvement plans that can effectively be activated for each business type in which women entrepreneurs are involved.     

Responsible Leadership for Multinational Enterprises in Bottom of Pyramid Countries: The Knowledge of Local Managers

The gulf between multinational enterprises’ focus on high income countries and the reality of 80% of the world living in developing, bottom of pyramid (Hahn, J Bus Ethics 84:313–324, 2009) economies could magnify the anti-globalisation movement and political backlashes in the twenty-first century. The global financial crisis of 2008 and 2009 has increased such social tensions throughout the world and creates greater challenges for, responsible leadership. In this conceptual article, the authors analyse the value and identity of local managers, and the liability of foreignness caused by over-reliance on expatriate managers and under-reliance on local managers in bottom of pyramid countries (Hahn, 2009). It is argued that multinational enterprises need to assess local managers’ knowledge and contributions as having not only operational and market value, but also institutional value, such as access to local knowledge and local social capital; such a holistic approach will ensure fairer, equal treatment of all managers in the multinational enterprise. Responsible leadership in the twenty-first century requires a greater appreciation of local managers’ institutional value and the overcoming of any psychological distance towards local managers of bottom of pyramid countries.     

索赔特征对保险理赔(诉讼)额影响的实证分析——基于交强险人身伤害判决数据

面对日益增多的保险理赔(诉讼),亟需加强索赔原因及索赔特征对法院判决结果的影响研究.本文通过对北京市大兴区人民法院2007年1月至2010年8月涉及人身伤害的交强险判决案例进行回归分析,发现:索赔原因与索赔人损失大小、就业状况、法律规定的赔偿上限有关;索赔人在交通事故中承担的过错责任与其性别、医疗费支出状况、是否死亡有...     

关于人口与经济协调发展的理论分析

人口和经济都是具有极其丰富内容的人类社会现象,两者的协调发展人类社会可持续发展的基础。因而,人口与经济协调发展问题是我国在新世纪面临的重要问题。本文从理论分析的角度来剖析人口与经济间错综复杂的关系,提出两者相互影响的途径,为对人口与经济协调发展的实证研究提供理论依据。     

小型水利工程在山地灾害防治中的运用

文章分析了山地灾害的特点以及山区小型水利工程建设中存在的主要问题,提出了加强山区小型水利工程管理的措施及避灾对策,介绍了山区山地灾害防治中常用的各类小型水利工程,并探讨了推广小型水利工程治理山地灾害需要解决的问题。     

如何面对人民币升值2%

影响:价格竞争力优势减弱 此次人民币升值会对中国纺织有何影响,对此中国纺织工业协会新闻发言人孙淮滨表示,人民币升值是我国开始实行以市场供求为基础、参考一篮子货币进行调节,人民币汇率不再盯住单一美元,形成更富弹性的人民币汇率机制.这是为建立和完善我国社会主义市场经济体制,充分发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用,而采取的改革措施,其宏观意义不言而喻.2%的的升值幅度尽管不大,但对纺织企业的影响不可避免,表现在纺织出口产品的价格竞争力优势减弱,出口企业压力增大.同时,由于汇率调整的政策出台突然,企业还不能及时做出调整,这也给企业带来一定损失.另外,本来利润就不高的企业,在成本控制偏高的情况下,在加上人民币升值的压力,可能直接导致亏损,这在低附加值的中小纺织企业表现可能非常明显.总之,短期内纺织企业将面临多方面压力,这是不可避免的.     

一个农民的太空荷花梦

隆冬时节，在重庆大足荷花山庄的太空育种大棚温室里，仿佛春天已提早来临，随中国第21、22颗返回式卫星上天的第一代“太空荷花”，正娇艳盛开，美丽无比。     

Strategy-proof risk sharing

We consider risk sharing problems with a single good and a finite number of states. Agents have a common prior and their preferences are represented in the expected utility form and are risk averse. We study efficient and individually rational risk sharing rules satisfying strategy-proofness, the requirement that no one can ever benefit by misrepresenting his preference. When aggregate certainty holds, we show that “fixed price selections” from Walrasian correspondence are the only rules satisfying efficiency, individual rationality, and strategy-proofness. However, when aggregate uncertainty holds, we show that there exists no rule satisfying the three requirements. Moreover, in the two agents case, we show that dictatorial rules are the only efficient and strategy-proof rules. Dropping the common prior assumption in the model, we show that this assumption is necessary and sufficient for the existence of rules satisfying the three main requirements in the two agents and aggregate certainty case.     

The state in science, technology and innovation districts: Conceptual models for China

Throughout the world the creation of successful technology districts has become a major issue for public policy makers. This paper analyses the potential role of the state in entrepreneurship and the creation of technology districts, and outlines implications for China's social market economy. We identify three types of technology districts: (1) market-driven technology districts such as Silicon Valley in the USA and Cambridge in the UK; (2) state-driven technology districts targeting foreign multinational companies, such as Sophia Antipolis in France and Singapore; (3) state-driven technology districts which nurture local companies, such as the Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park in Taiwan. We believe that these three typologies provide the foundation for better understanding the potential role of the state in science and technology for China in the early 21st century.     

公共选择理论的政府失灵说及其矫正

公共选择理论是美国经济学家、诺贝尔经济学奖获得者詹姆斯·M·布坎南等人创立的一种不同于凯恩斯主义的新公共经济理论,其突出的特点是把政治决策的分析和经济理论结合起来。本文拟通过阐述布坎南的公共选择与政府失灵理论及其表现,尝试提出矫正政府失灵的对策建议。