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991.
David E. Wildasin 《Regional Science and Urban Economics》1980,10(4):453-471
A number of recent studies have concluded that differing local government tax and expenditure packages necessarily create incentives for households to locate in a non-optimal fashion. This paper shows, on the contrary, that the locational equilibrium may be optimal. For example, if migration produces no congestion costs, then as long as localities tax the locationally-fixed commodity, land, the equilibrium will be optimal. In fact, there are only two reasons why non-optimality may result: local taxes may be distortionary (by taxing the mobile rather than immobile factor), or there may be non-internalized externalities. 相似文献
992.
993.
994.
Sharon P. Smith 《Journal of urban economics》1977,4(3):248-271
This paper shows that public sector wages usually exceed private but the size and composition of the differentials depend on sex and level of government. Using a technique derived from the literature on sex discrimination, these differentials are decomposed into a portion attributable to differences in productivity between the two types of workers and a portion ascribed to economic rent. This rent results from public workers' relatively greater political influence in the government wage-setting process and a systematic upward bias in public wages imparted by present government pay policy. 相似文献
995.
996.
Christopher L. Gilbert 《Journal of econometrics》1977,5(2):221-239
By consideration of either Generalised Least-Squares of Theil-Goldberger estimates of equations for which data on the dependent variable is available for a subset of the sample period on only an annual basis, it is shown that best estimates of the equation coefficients may be obtained by Ordinary Least-Squares estimation over the complete set of quarterly observations with quarterly averages substituted for the missing quarterly data, and symmetrically for the corresponding observations on the regressor variables. The approach is extended to the Two-Stage Least-Squares case, and to the (structurally or stochastically) autoregressive case. 相似文献
997.
998.
Prof. Dr. T. Royen 《Metrika》1990,37(1):145-154
Summary It is proved that for any fixed argument the sequence (P
k) of the distribution functions of the ranges ofk i.i.d. univariate random variables is log-concave if the random variables have a log-concave density. If the support of the
distribution is an infinite interval and the density is monotonous then the theorem holds also with “log-convex” instead of
“log-concave”. The resulting inequalities can be used by a quick algorithm for closed maximum range test procedures for all
pairwise comparisons (Royen 1988, 1989a, 1989b). Under the above assumptions the application of this algorithm can be extended
e.g. to pairwise comparisons of variances. 相似文献
999.
Ellen R. Auster 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》1988,1(2):129-144
U.S. companies have made important strides in combating sex discrimination in the workplace over the last two decades, but more subtle forms of sex bias still exist, often in decisions and behaviors that occur behind closed doors. This paper focuses on sex bias at professional and managerial levels. It explores sources of sex bias in the informal culture, selection and recruitment, task assignment, performance appraisal, promotion, and salary allocation, and then suggests action steps to help reduce sex bias in each of these areas. 相似文献
1000.
Joseph S. Fulda 《Quality and Quantity》1988,22(4):435-438
We present a formalism which makes explicit and precise the confirming effect of multiple observers and repeated trials on composite ratings, considering the relevant subjective inputs. 相似文献