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991.
The effects of air quality regulations on the location decisions of pollution-intensive manufacturing plants 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
This research examines the effects of the 1977 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) on the location decisions of pollution-intensive
manufacturing plants. We develop a panel data set to analyze plant births of polluting manufacturers over time as a function
county-level attainment status of the federal standard for ozone pollution. We find that more stringent county-level environmental
regulations impact pollution-intensive capital flows through deterring new plant births. We also find that the impact of stricter
regulations varies by pollution-intensity of manufacturers, with results suggesting that federal guidelines have a greater
impact on high pollution intensive manufacturers than more moderate polluters.
相似文献
992.
Re-Examining the Empirical Evidence for Stochastic Convergence of Two Air Pollutants with a Pair-Wise Approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Myriam Nourry 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2009,44(4):555-570
This paper examines the hypothesis of stochastic convergence for two air pollutants emissions (carbon dioxide [CO2] and sulfur dioxide [SO2]). The value-added of this paper lies in the use of a recent, alternative econometric method, a pair-wise approach that considers
all the possible pairs of log per-capita pollutant emission gaps across all the countries in the sample. In this method, all
emissions differences must be stationary around a constant mean. Empirical results support different conclusions on stochastic
convergence in per capita CO2 and SO2 emissions depending on the choice of the unit root test. The use of specific critical values from the ADF-KPSS joint test
overcomes these initial conflicting results and leads to small percentages of stationary pairs around a constant mean; which
invalidate the hypothesis of stochastic convergence for per capita emissions of CO2 and SO2, even over the OECD sub-dataset. 相似文献
993.
We consider a model of vertical product differentiation where consumers care about the environmental damage their consumption
causes. An environmental group is capable of increasing consumers’ environmental concern via a costly campaign. We show that
the prospect of such a campaign can induce entry by a firm that is able to employ a cleaner technology than the one used by
the incumbent. We further demonstrate that the subsequent competition can lead to an adverse effect on aggregate pollution,
i.e. the decline in average industry pollution per product is offset by the increase in aggregate production.
相似文献
994.
Meta-Functional Benefit Transfer for Wetland Valuation: Making the Most of Small Samples 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
This study applies functional Benefit Transfer via Meta-Regression Modeling to derive valuation estimates for wetlands in
an actual policy setting of proposed groundwater transfers in Eastern Nevada. We illustrate how Bayesian estimation techniques
can be used to overcome small sample problems notoriously present in Meta-functional Benefit Transfer. The highlights of our
methodology are: (i) The hierarchical modeling of heteroskedasticity; (ii) The ability to incorporate additional information
via refined priors; and (ii) The derivation of measures of model performance with the corresponding option of model-averaged
Benefit Transfer predictions. Our results indicate that economic losses associated with the disappearance of these wetlands
can be substantial and that primary valuation studies are warranted.
相似文献
995.
996.
997.
Tobias Pfutze 《Journal of Economics》2009,97(3):273-275
998.
Kerstin Puschke 《Journal of Economics》2009,96(2):149-168
This paper shows that a firm prefers a process-based task assignment compared to a function-based one if the tasks are from
functional areas which are neither too complementary nor too substitutable. We consider several projects (processes) with
contributions from several functional areas. The organization can be structured along processes like product lines (M-form) or along functional areas like marketing or production (U-form). The U-form enables cost savings due to specialization or scale economies. The more effective incentives under the M-form might outweigh these savings if the functions are neither too complementary nor too substitutable.
相似文献
999.
Lisa V. Bruttel 《Journal of Economics》2009,96(2):113-136
This paper considers the stability of tacit collusion in price setting duopolies with repeated interaction. The minimum discount
factor above which tacit collusion can be sustained in a subgame perfect equilibrium is called the critical discount factor
δ*. In addition, δ* is often used as an intuitive measure for the stability of a tacit cartel, assuming that a collusive equilibrium is more
difficult to sustain when δ* increases. However, according to standard theory the distance δ − δ* between the actual and the critical discount factor does not matter for stability as long as δ > δ*. This paper contributes experimental evidence that supports the intuitive idea that a larger critical discount factor makes
collusion a less likely outcome.
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1000.
Tim Friehe 《Journal of Economics》2009,97(2):165-183
The severity of the sanction for a given offense is often determined by the offense history of the offender. We establish
that this policy can be welfare-maximizing if individuals are imperfectly informed about the magnitude of the sanction. Imperfect
information distorts individuals’ perception of the expected sanction of the first offense. Once detected, individuals learn
about the sanction applicable to their act, making this argument less relevant for consecutive offenses.
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