茧质智能检测破解茧丝业难题

丝绸出口历史悠久，一直是我国传统的出口产品，长期以来为国民经济的发展和人民生活的改善做出了积极贡献。迄今为止，丝绸行业仍然是我国能左右国际市场形势，具有较强竞争力产业之一。随着经济全球化趋势的逼近，特别是我国加入世贸组织后，来自国际社会的技术和环境壁垒。给我国丝绸业带来前所未有的压力。作为当今对国际市场依存度较高的丝绸产业，如何通过技术创新，提高丝绸产品技术水平和产品档次，攻克西方设置的经济和技术壁垒，进而增强国际地位，逐步由丝绸大国向丝绸强国迈进，是丝绸行业孜孜以求的目标。     

营造诚信环境维护金融稳定

论及当前社会的信用状况，可以历数诸多不良现象：企业之间拖欠货款，企业拖欠职工工资，个别贷款企业和个人恶意逃废金融债务等。造成上述现象的原因在于，由计划经济向市场经济转型过程中，大一统的计划经济体制和指令性生产流通方式已经解体，而从事商品生产和流通的企业和个人，在缺乏完整的维护市场秩序的约束体系条件下，个别经营者往往不惜牺牲自己的无形资产——诚实信用，去追逐高额利润乃至超额利润。本文试图分析不良信用状况在金融领域的表现和危害，进而探索营造诚实信用氛围的途径。     

油气田开发项目平均投资利润率和利税率的确定

行业平均投资利润率和行业平均投资利税率是投资者进行投资机会选择的主要参考依据之一，是投资者对其投资项目收益的最低期望要求。从投资者角度来讲，恰当地确定平均投资利润率和行业平均投资利税率是一个相当重要而又比较棘手的问题。文章主要讨论了如何确定油气田勘探开发项目经济评价中平均投资利润率和行业平均投资利税率的一种简单方法。     

中国A股市场IPO抑价影响因素的实证研究

IPO抑价是全球资本市场的普遍现象,是一级市场定价效率低下和二级市场交易不规范的具体表现。IPO抑价使得资本市场资源配置效率低,同时也会产生众多金融风险。在中国IPO抑价率过高,普遍达到100%以上,超过了国外成熟市场和很多的新兴市场。在对国内外相关研究进行综述之后,再构建模型引入实证分析,对理论在国内的适用性进行研究进而探寻导致IPO抑价的原因。信息不对称是导致IPO抑价的主要原因,同时承销商声誉、"公司信号"、资本市场"羊群效应"也有一定的影响。     

Driving force from authorities: the evolution of innovation system for biomedical industry in China

Over the past 30 years, China has fully exploited its advantage to steadily foster an innovation system for the biomedical industry with Chinese characteristics, that is, ‘Government-guided, resource-integrated and long-term planning.’ The system originated from historically famous ‘863 program’ in the 1980s, evolved with a series of favourable policies in the different periods, and eventually has taken shape in the industrial clusters across the country. It features with a systematic and integrated R&D infrastructure (or public platform) at different levels. In this study, China’s biomedical innovation system will be examined and the leading role of Chinese authorities will be explored from the perspective of Triple Helix theory. As the ‘highland of innovation’, Shanghai case is highlighted with plentiful information gathered from primary sources in the involved agencies for the first time, including the Shanghai Biopharma Service Platform.     

基于OID编码体系的汽车电子标识编码应用研究

本文为了解决物联网所连接对象的多样性带来的标识体系存在不兼容、相互矛盾的问题，基于车联网RFID汽车电子标识的使用特点，创造性地提出将OID编码和汽车电子标识编码相结合的方案。首先简单介绍了基于发证机构及时间和基于汽车VIN码的两种OID编码规则；然后提出了OID编码在汽车电子标识芯片中的规划，主要是内存分配方案；最后介绍了相应区域的读写操作的具体方法。     

大数据驱动下京津冀区域社会信用体系合作治理模式创新研究

信用经济作为市场经济的重要基础,已成为我国社会治理中的关键问题.大力发展京津冀区域社会信用体系建设,是改善京津冀市场经济状况的必然产物.随着大数据时代的到来,传统信用体系显然已无法满足"新基建"技术背景下区域发展的需要,亟须开拓社会信用治理创新模式.本文首先诠释了大数据、社会信用体系及信用治理模式理论内涵及实践应用;其次揭示大数据驱动下京津冀区域社会信用治理面临的问题及其成因;再次对比国内外社会信用治理模式,借鉴相关经验,指出合作治理创新模式是大数据驱动下京津冀区域社会信用体系建设的时代选择;最后,提出京津冀区域社会信用合作治理的具体路径,以改善营商环境,快速推动区域经济可持续发展.     

Labor Unions and Forms of Corporate Liquidity

We examine how the presence of labor unions affects a firm's choice of corporate liquidity between bank lines of credit and corporate cash holdings. We find that firms in industries with higher unionization rates hold a higher fraction of corporate liquidity in the form of bank lines of credit. We divide the firms into sub‐groups and find that this positive relationship holds for firms that are not in a state with right‐to‐work legislation and for firms that are financially constrained. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that a firm chooses the forms of corporate liquidity to take advantage of the bargaining benefits associated with bank lines of credit.     

Does reputation of sponsors matter in IPO? Evidence from Hong Kong

Contrary to other markets where underwriters perform a combined role of underwriting and sponsoring in an Initial Public Offering (IPO), IPO issuers in Hong Kong must appoint at least one sponsor in addition to the underwriters. The splitting of the single role of underwriters into two separate ones offers an ideal setting to disentangle the effects of the two roles and to examine which of the two roles—sponsor or underwriter—is more important in explaining IPO underpricing and initial volatility in the Hong Kong equity market. Interestingly, our findings provide supportive evidence that the sponsor reputation does matter in an IPO and it is even more significant than the underwriter reputation in explaining the IPO underpricing phenomenon. Given the recent high-tech fervor, our research goes deeper to examine specifically the role of sponsors on high-tech firms, with results indicating that the reliance on sponsors is higher for traditional issuers than for technology firms. We further discover that sponsors and underwriters are playing substitution roles rather than complementary roles. In order to examine the regulatory policy impact, our research also compares the role of IPO sponsors before and after the launch of the new sponsor regulatory regime in 2013. The empirical findings lend support to our argument that after the launch of the new regulations, public awareness of sponsors is raised, respect towards more reputable sponsor increases, and thus, the role of sponsors becomes more important than before.     

Auditors' Responses to Workload Imbalance and the Impact on Audit Quality*

Using detailed data for fieldwork hours and audit hours by rank from audit engagements in Korea, we examine whether audits conducted under workload imbalance, proxied by busy‐season audits, impair audit quality, and how auditors adjust staff assignments for busy‐season audits. We generally find that busy‐season audits are associated with lower audit quality, and that audit firms reduce the involvement of senior auditors during busy‐season audits. In addition, the greater the involvement of senior auditors and junior auditors, the lesser the deterioration in audit quality. Finally, although there is no increase in interim audits in response to workload imbalance during busy seasons, increasing interim audits can mitigate the negative impact of busy‐season audits on audit quality. Our results are relevant to auditors and regulators, who have expressed concerns about the adverse effects of workload imbalance on audit quality.