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991.
Clarence C. Morrison 《Atlantic Economic Journal》2008,36(1):31-39
This paper examines the extent to which Dupuit preceded Hotelling in the theory of marginal cost pricing and the relation
of marginal cost pricing to the Pigou–Robinson definition of exploitation, Coase’s multipart pricing, and the Kaldor compensation
principle. Tsuneki’s partial rehabilitation of Hotelling’s proof of MC pricing is partially endorsed.
相似文献
992.
Repeated Dichotomous Choice Formats for Elicitation of Willingness to Pay:
Simultaneous Estimation and Anchoring Effect 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Repeated dichotomous choice contingent valuation data are generated from responses to a succession of binary questions regarding
alternative prices for an environmental good. In this paper we propose a simultaneous equation model that allows for endogeneity
and error correlation across the responses at each stage of the bidding process. The model allows us to study the evolution
of anchoring effects after the second dichotomous choice question. Estimation involves the Bayesian techniques of Gibbs sampling
and data augmentation, and the application focuses on the preservation value of a natural area. The results for a data set
involving up to four successive dichotomous choice questions show that restricted multiple-bounded models are rejected by
the data with the general model. In addition, willingness to pay tends to stabilize after the second stage in the elicitation
process for the general unrestricted model. When taking anchoring effects into consideration, it is revealed that individuals’
responses in the latter stages are influenced by the sequence of bid prices offered in earlier questions. Nevertheless, they
do not have a significant effect on welfare estimates.
相似文献
993.
Characterization of normal distribution related to two samples based on second conditional moments has been obtained. This characterization has been transformed to a characterization based on the UMVU estimators of the density function. These results are generalized to k samples from normal distributions. Finally applications of these characterization results to goodness-of-fit test are discussed. 相似文献
994.
995.
996.
This paper examines the effects of sterilising a surplus, using open market operations, on the level and structure of interest rates. The framework adopted is a portfolio balance model of the financial sector. The paper begins by assuming residents hold assets in only three forms—domestic money, domestic bonds, and foreign assets. Initially, the surplus emerges in one of three ways—the foreign interest rate falls, there is an exogenous inflow, or there is an ongoing current account surplus. The analysis is then extended to the case where there is some direct real investment. Finally, the model is refined to allow residents to hold four assets, including new equities. 相似文献
997.
In a group decision making process, several individuals or a committee have the responsibility to choose the best alternative
from a set. The problem addressed in this paper is how to aggregate personal preferences to arrive at an optimal group decision.
New technologies allow individuals that may seldom or never meet to make group decisions. This paper proposes a methodology
to obtain the group preference ordering in two steps. Firstly, each individual studies the problem isolated, and then, in
a possibly virtual meeting, the group must agree on the preferences on some pairs of alternatives. Then, the group criterion
is achieved by using a logistic regression model within the pairwise comparison framework proposed here. Properties of the
procedure are studied and two illustrative examples are presented. 相似文献
998.
The supply of and demand for accounting information 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The article analyzes the use of accounting information in Russia. We assess reporting behaviour in the lending process for a sample of Russian companies in the years 1999–2004 and postulate that Russian companies manage their earnings in order to avoid showing losses when applying for bank financing. Once a credit has been granted, companies are predicted to manage earnings because of the bank's monitoring activities. By means of univariate and multivariate analysis we are able to attribute the discontinuity around a zero target in the earnings distribution with firms’ response to the banks’ assessment of accounting performance. This implies that financing considerations affect the reporting incentives of Russian companies. 相似文献
999.
1000.
J. M. Muñoz-Pichardo J. L. Moreno-Rebollo A. Enguix-González A. Pascual-Acosta 《Metrika》2008,68(1):111-127
In this paper, from Frèchet’s metric, diagnostic tools are constructed for the detection of influential observations in Profile
Analysis with elliptically distributed random errors . This distributional hypothesis allows the application of the proposed
diagnostics to a wide variety of random experiences, not only for data from a multivariate normal distribution but also from
other symmetric distributions, commonly used in studies of several sciences. The diagnostics are based on Frèchet’s distance
between the distributions of the basic statistics in Profile Analysis, in the postulated model and in the perturbed model
obtained by deleting an observation from the sample data. This metric is highly useful since it enables the analysis of the
influence on the point estimation and the estimation error. Applications on two data sets are provided. 相似文献