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31.
JOHN FIROR 《Contemporary economic policy》1990,8(3):3-15
During the hot, dry summer of 1988, nearly every newspaper, magazine, and television and radio station in the United States discussed the hot weather and its possible connection with the "greenhouse effect." This public discussion was needed to alert many people to an important topic, but it also led to many misunderstandings about the physical and technical facts and studies involved in considering future climate heating. Some of these misunderstandings originate with the media, some result from the manner in which climate modelers make heating calculations, and a few result from words having meanings that are slightly different to scientists than they are to the general public. The most basic facts that one must understand are as follows, (i) Theory foreseeing a rapid climate heating during the coming decades is based on some of the best understood features of the atmosphere, (ii) The average surface temperature of the earth has increased during the past 120 years, but this increase has been far from uniform and does not prove or disprove that a climate heating is under way. (Hi) The technology is available to begin decreasing rapidly the emission of infrared-trapping gases. 相似文献
32.
This paper summarizes estimates of the monetary value of the physical damages that acid deposition causes in the United States. These estimates were developed for the Interim Assessment of the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP) but were not included in the final version of the assessment report. This paper describes this research and discusses why these estimates received so little support within the NAPAP. It outlines the role of economics in the current Integrated Assessment and discusses the extent to which lessons learned earlier have been integrated into the current assessment. 相似文献
33.
To reduce the level of tax evasion, a shift of taxation away from income tax and towards a consumption tax has been proposed in Australia. This paper shows that for such a shift to maintain revenue but not induce trade unions to raise their wage demands, it is necessary that the income tax threshold be increased. Numerical examples of desirable tax packages are given. 相似文献
34.
IMPLICATIONS OF LIBERALISED EUROPEAN LABOUR MARKETS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper reviews the alternative labour market scenarios open to European policymakers in the current movement towards enhanced economic and political integration. To clarify the various issues, the paper dichotomises the policy alternatives into two camps: "euro-liberalists" and "euro-regulators." The paper concludes that the latter offers the best path towards convergence, with the proviso that the subject of regulation is a Pan-European system of labour market objectives rather than institutions. 相似文献
35.
The federal government and many state governments have recently passed legislation that punishes school districts for not showing consistent improvement in standardized test scores. This article measures the extent to which school performance reflects student characteristics. After splitting schools in the state of Washington based on adequate yearly progress, the authors find that an overwhelming percentage of the difference between high- and low-performing schools is explained by characteristics beyond the control of school administrators. Thus legislation designed to penalize poorly performing schools may hurt students who are most in need of academic aid. (JEL I2 ) 相似文献
36.
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS IN BENEFIT COST ANALYSIS: A KEY TO INCREASED USE AND ACCEPTANCE 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
JOHN MERRIFIELD 《Contemporary economic policy》1997,15(3):82-92
"We must insist that all empirical studies offer convincing evidence of inferential sturdiness."
Sensitivit 相似文献
Sensitivit 相似文献
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39.
JOHN GODARD 《劳资关系》2010,49(3):466-488
Drawing on a 2003–2004 random household telephone survey of 750 Canadian workers, I explore the implications of work and human resource (HR) practices for six aspects of the quality of working life. I find “traditional” HR practices, associated with the bureaucratic model predominant after World War II and with union representation, to have strong positive implications for workers. Participative workplace practices also have strong positive implications, although these are largely limited to information sharing in the union sector. The actual organization of work (e.g., teams), contingent pay, and “new” HR practices, associated with the “new” HRM of the 1980s, all make little difference. Comparison of these findings with those from a comparable 1998 survey of 508 Canadian workers and a parallel 2003 survey of 450 English workers suggest, however, that the implications of work and HR practices may be historically and institutionally contingent and thus should be interpreted using a historical/institutional perspective. 相似文献
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