我国民营企业管理机制创新研究

30年来,伴随着市场化改革的深入,我国民营经济无论是规模和效益都得到了迅猛发展,在我国经济和社会发展中发挥着不可替代的作用。现阶段民营企业在管理中也存在诸多不容回避的问题,阻碍其健康成长。正确认识民营企业现状,实现管理机制创新是当前民营企业走向可持续发展的必由之路。     

中国农村经济制度变迁与农民收入增长的实证研究——基于1978～2009年省际动态面板数据分析

本文通过对1978~2009年中国农村制度变迁与农村居民收入增长之间进行了理论和实证分析,将农村居民收入增长划分为五个不同的阶段,农村制度变迁对农民的收入增长具有阶段性的影响作用,农村制度变迁是农民收入增长的重要驱动力。并借助动态面板数据模型,对1978~2009年中国农村农作制度、农村价格制度、财税制度,以及农村人口变迁制度等制度因素对农村居民收入增长的影响进行实证分析和检验,由此建议应该把农村制度创新作为提高农民收入增长的突破口。     

探寻人类社会经济增长的内在机理与未来道路-评林毅夫教授的新结构经济学理论框架

本文为林毅夫教授的三本"新结构经济学"新著的综合性评述。第一部分引言对部分林毅夫新结构经济学的宏旨做了简要评论。第二部分对林毅夫的理论进展和贡献进行了较细的探讨,发现这一框架强调市场应该成为经济的基础性制度,明确提出现代经济增长的实质及其普遍特征事实是持续性的技术创新、产业升级、经济多样化和收入增长加速,在此基础上,提出了在各国产业结构变迁中政府的"增长甄别和因势利导"作用,从而把他多年来所独创的经济发展从纯学术探讨推向了在各国经济发展中可实际操作和具体实施阶段。第三部分讨论了这一新结构经济学存在的两个基本问题,主要发现这一新结构经济学实际上仍然是"制度缺位",还应把现代经济增长中从第一产业向第二、第三产业的转移——尤其是金融服务业的发展——真正置放在整个框架中来考虑,并认为只有在现代宪政民主政制下,林毅夫的新结构经济学的GIFF框架才能得到真正的实施和运用。最后,在第四部分余论提出,尽管理论经济学在当代有了巨大的发展,但人类社会的经济运行目前看来还是一个"必然王国"。     

The effect of the innovative environment on exit of entrepreneurial firms

To foster ‘creative destruction,’ entrants must survive the turbulent conditions they face in their first crucial years in the industry. We investigate how the external knowledge milieu of an entrant, conceptualized as its innovative environment, causes systematic variation in survival patterns. We test our model from 3,431 firms in 33 industries over 80 years. We depict the innovative environment along two knowledge‐related dimensions, namely technology regime and technology intensity. While the aligned state of the innovative environment, where product innovation exists in tandem with abundant innovation opportunities, promotes entrant survival, we find that this beneficial effect is more pronounced for small entrants due to a possible mitigation of scale disadvantages. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于软交换的下一代网络组网结构

下一代网络将是基于软交换系统的通信网络。在研究各种软交换系统互联机制的基础之上,结合软交换基于IP网络构建、信令与媒体分离等特点提出了基于软交换系统的下一代网络中可以采用的各种组网结构,比较了各种方式的优缺点,指明了其适用范围。最后给出了现有通信网向下一代通信网络演进过程中网络体系结构的演进方案。     

对传统财政本质理论的反思

传统财政本质理论尽管有值得借鉴之处,但存在明显缺陷。界定财政本质必须分析制约财政发展演变过程的内在矛盾,并说明财政的起源及各个历史发展阶段。财政的本质是协调私人需要和公共需要矛盾的手段或方式。如此界定财政本质具有重要意义。     

Tariffs in a Ricardian Model with a Monopolistically Competitive Sector: the Role of Nontradables

It is shown that for a small open economy the welfare effects of a tariff on the import of the brands of a differentiated good depends crucially on the pattern of trade. The literature has shown that welfare rises when the domestic brands are nontraded. But when the domestic brands are traded, the imposition of a tariff lowers welfare by shifting demand towards the nontraded homogeneous good which causes exit from the differentiated goods industry.     

Legal Liabilities, Audit Accuracy and the Market for Audit Services

In quality-differentiated audit markets with client-firms of unknown types, insider-managers of client firms strategically select auditors who respond to legal liabilities to decide their care level. In this signaling game, uninformed-investors use the audit report and the auditors' identity for firm valuation. The analysis shows that increased legal liability increases the auditor's effort and audit accuracy but reduces the demand for high quality auditing because, apart from the increased audit costs, the adverse selection benefit of the worse type reduces with increased accuracy. Furthermore, alternative legal regimes and damage allocation rules alter informational efficiency of the financial market.