政府间事权划分思路的比较与综合:基于中国现实的分析

政府间事权划分的传统思路是基于政府是公共产品供给主体这一基本认识,在既定的层级制政府架构下完成公共产品供给事权划分,具体采用了按公共产品种类、受益范围、部门单位隶属关系以及按事权构成要素进行划分的方法,但都难以完全做到在体现公平和效率原则的前提下明晰划分政府间事权.本文基于公共产品多中心供给这一基本认识,引入"功能覆盖型竞争性辖区"理论,把从公共产品的具体性质分析入手,通过设计、选择合适的供给主体来完成公共产品供给事权划分的思路称之为新思路.通过比较,可发现两种思路各有得失.因此,优化政府间事权划分,应实现两种思路的结合,以传统思路为主,新思路为辅.对遵循传统思路难以在层级制政府间明晰划分事权的公共产品,可具体问题具体分析,考虑选择合适的非政府供给主体,实现公共产品的多中心供给,这有助于解决政府间事权划分的棘手难题.     

Drastic innovations and multiplicity of optimal licensing policies

Considering the licensing of a drastic cost-reducing innovation by an outside innovator in an n-firm Cournot oligopoly, we show that when the innovator uses combinations of fees and royalties, there are either n − 1 or n optimal licensing policies.     

Strengthening Stakeholder–Company Relationships Through Mutually Beneficial Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) continues to gain attention atop the corporate agenda and is by now an important component of the dialogue between companies and their stakeholders. Nevertheless, there is still little guidance as to how companies can implement CSR activity in order to maximize returns to CSR investment. Theorists have identified many company-favoring outcomes of CSR; yet there is a dearth of research on the psychological mechanisms that drive stakeholder responses to CSR activity. Borrowing from the literatures on means-end chains and relationship marketing, we propose a conceptual model that explains how CSR provides individual stakeholders with numerous benefits (functional, psychosocial, and values) and how the type and extent to which a stakeholder derives these benefits from CSR initiatives influences the quality of the relationship between the stakeholder and the company. The paper discusses the implications of these␣insights and highlights a number of areas for future research.     

A New Approach to Gravity Anomaly Separation: Differential Markov Random Field (DMRF)

In this paper the authors introduce a novel approach to stochastic image processing, denoted as Differential Markov Random Field (DMRF), which has been applied to gravity anomaly separation problems. The advantages of the method are that it introduces only little distortion into the shape of the original image and that it is not affected significantly by factors such as the overlap power spectra of regional and residual fields. Testing of the proposed meth using synthetic examples gave excellent results.     

论公共产品理论与劳动价值论的耦合及其意义

传统劳动价值论对商品范围的界定存在局限。如果把所有能够满足人们需要的用来交换的劳动成果,不管是有形的还是无形的都视为商品,商品就包括私人商品和公共商品(产品)两大类,基于这一认识,实现公共商品(产品)理论与劳动价值论的耦合,不仅有助于丰富、完善劳动价值论,使之经济解释力增强,而且有助于丰富、完善公共产品理论,使之真正成为财政学的理论基础。     

基于工程项目知识管理的文化建设

建立以知识为导向的文化是成功实施知识管理的关键因素之一。文章阐述了知识管理与项目文化的关系,提出了建立以信任和学习型文化为基础的知识导向型项目文化,使知识管理在工程项目组织中能得到成功实施。     

博弈论和委托代理理论视角下的反洗钱监管研究

本文从反洗钱监管机构和金融机构的博弈分析入手,研究监管的最优化问题。分析得出监管机构必须对金融机构进行反洗钱约束,否则金融机构就会违规获益;最优事后监管并不能杜绝违规行为,而只是将违规行为控制在一定的范围;有效反洗钱监管需要额外成本等结论。在此基础上,本文提出实现我国反洗钱最优监管的政策建议。     

中国节水农业成效、形势机遇与展望

目的 我国是世界上水资源缺乏的国家之一,发展节水农业在保障国家粮食安全和农业绿色高质量发展大局中具有重要战略地位。全面总结“十三五”节水农业发展成效与经验,认真分析节水农业的现状、形势和任务,加快“十四五”期间节水农业发展,推进节水增粮、节水增效,具有十分重要的意义。方法 文章对我国近10年来的水资源、农业用水、灌溉用水、旱作农业生产和用水效率进行系统总结和数据分析。结果 “十三五”期间,我国节水农业发展取得显著成效,农业用水总量及其占全国用水总量的比例“双下降”,农业用水效率和效益“双提升”,切实提高农业用水效率,为保障粮食和食物安全做出重要贡献。结论 中国农业生产面临着干旱缺水的长期威胁,大力发展节水农业,解决好农业用水问题,是保证我国粮食和食物安全、转变农业发展模式并促进绿色高质量发展的需要,也是实现农业现代化和生态文明的根本路径。     

Does contact improve attitudes towards migrants in China?

Over the past three decades, China has experienced significant internal migration. However, migrants are often socially segregated and discriminated against in their destination cities in China. This paper uses a large representative survey to investigate whether interpersonal contact between urban locals and migrants improves urban locals’ attitudes towards migrants. The novel part of this paper is to examine the effect of different contact experiences on multiple dimensions of attitudes. The results show distinct patterns between the effects of non‐intimate and intimate contact experiences. All the OLS results, IV results and IV results together with Lewbel's ( 2012 ) heteroscedasticity identification approach suggest that non‐intimate contact experience only significantly improves willingness to engage in non‐intimate interactions, and the magnitude of the effect reduces as the intimacy level of the intended interaction increases. On the contrary, intimate contact experience significantly improves willingness to engage in both non‐intimate and intimate interactions.     

Book Review: “Oligopoly,Auctions and Market Quality” by Krishnendu Ghosh Dastidar

Journal of Quantitative Economics -