Schooling in a Corporate Society

This article defines a measure of the quality of life in the regional capitals of Poland and compares the results. This taxonomic measure is based on a set of diagnostic traits, including housing conditions, state of the natural environment, labor market, personal safety, and range of cultural services available. For this purpose, a set of variables from 2011 was observed for each regional capital. This research is important in defining the difference between our target cities from the standpoint of social development. It also allows us to classify the cities into groups based on the quality of life of their inhabitants.     

Voluntary disclosure practices by foreign firms cross-listed in the United States

This is one of the first large-scale studies to examine the voluntary disclosure practices of foreign firms cross-listed in the United States. We proxy for voluntary disclosure using three attributes of firms’ management earnings guidance: (1) the likelihood of issuance; (2) the frequency of earnings guidance; and (3) a guidance quality measure. After first establishing that market participants view these firms’ disclosures as credible and economically important (i.e., the disclosures are negatively related to analyst forecast errors and the implied cost of equity capital), we compare cross-listed firms’ disclosure practices with comparable US firms and explore variations in disclosure practices among cross-listed firms. We find that cross-listed firms issue less frequent and lower quality management earnings guidance than comparable US firms. We further show that the gap between US and cross-listed firms widened after passage of Regulation FD, a regulation which induced greater public disclosure of firm-specific information. Focusing on the sample of cross-listing firms, we show that firms from common-law countries disclose more than firms from code-law countries. Finally, our results indicate that cross-listed firms that do not list on an organized US exchange provide more frequent and higher quality disclosure than those that do list on organized exchanges.     

A Course in Economic Forecasting: Rationale and Content

This note shows that the impact of an increase in product price on factor demand in the typical textbook depiction is overstated to the point of indicating that competitive firms demand factors even when marginal product is negative.     

Stochastic trend,weather and US corn yield variability

Regional corn yield models incorporating stochastic trends, prices and weather variables are estimated. Hypothesis tests suggest yield variability has increased because of an increase in error variance and an increase in weather-related effects. Decomposition of the error variance shows much of its increase is due to an increased correlaion between regional yields.     

Consumer's Responses to the Potential Use of Bovine Somatotrophin in Canadian Dairy Production

The responses of a random sample of consumers to the use of recombinant somatotrophin (rBST) in milk production were elicited using a stated preference methodology. A conditional logit model of consumer choice was developed and tested to analyze consumers' choices of milk with varying characteristics of fat content, price, freshness and rBST treatment. Welfare calculations for a representative consumer indicate welfare losses with the introduction of rBST. Welfare losses were slightly less for a male than a female household food purchaser and were less for food purchasers with higher levels of income and education. There was a small welfare gain when the representative food purchaser was offered a full range of “rBST” and “wn-rBST” milks. The resiilts suggest that making appropriately labelled “rBST-free” milk available to consumers could decrease consumer welfare losses associated with the introduction of rBST in Canada. Nous avons évalueé par une méthodologie des préférences déclarées les réponses d'un panel de consommateurs choisis au hasard envers l'utilisation de somatotropine bovine recombinante (rBst) dans la production laitière. Un modèle logit conditionnel des choix du consommateur est testé pour analyser les choix à la consommation à l'égard de laits de divers niveaux de teneur en matière grasse, de prix et de fraîcheur et provenant ou pas de vaches traitées à la rBst. Les coûts sociaux pour le consommateur représentatif font voir des pertes éonomiques avec l'introduction de la rBst. Ces pertes étaient légèrement moins importantes lorsque l'acheteur d'aliments pour le ménage était un homme plutôt qu'une femme ou que son niveau d'éducation et de revenu était plus élevé. On observait un léger avan-tage économique lorsque le pourvoyeur du ménage représentatif avait accès à toute la gamme des laits avec et sans rBst. Il ressort de ces observations qu'une indication Claire de l'absence de rBst dans le lait sur l'étiquette des produits offerts à la consommation pourrait diminuer les pertes économiques résultant pour le consommateur de l'introduction de la rBst au Canada.     

Estimation employing a priori information within mass appraisal and hedonic pricing models

Both statistical appraisal and hedonic pricing models decompose houses into a set of individual characteristics. Regression estimates yield the contribution of each characteristic to total value. Unfortunately, straightforward application of OLS may produce untenable results such as implausible coefficient magnitudes or incorrect signs. Often the suspected cause is multicollinearity. This article examines the effect on estimation efficiency of differing levels of multicollinearity, R², and a priori information in the form of sub-market cost data, by comparing inequality restricted least squares (IRLS) with OLS in a series of Monte Carlo experiments. The IRLS procedure investigated here hybridizes the statistical market approach implemented by OLS, and the more traditional cost approach. The experiments show dramatic gains in estimation efficiency from exploiting a priori information through IRLS.