全文获取类型
收费全文 | 22365篇 |
免费 | 1749篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 4384篇 |
工业经济 | 1634篇 |
计划管理 | 3980篇 |
经济学 | 5191篇 |
综合类 | 194篇 |
运输经济 | 268篇 |
旅游经济 | 319篇 |
贸易经济 | 4516篇 |
农业经济 | 1008篇 |
经济概况 | 2599篇 |
信息产业经济 | 2篇 |
邮电经济 | 19篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 154篇 |
2021年 | 236篇 |
2020年 | 482篇 |
2019年 | 859篇 |
2018年 | 781篇 |
2017年 | 996篇 |
2016年 | 916篇 |
2015年 | 700篇 |
2014年 | 861篇 |
2013年 | 2854篇 |
2012年 | 953篇 |
2011年 | 968篇 |
2010年 | 919篇 |
2009年 | 814篇 |
2008年 | 747篇 |
2007年 | 626篇 |
2006年 | 559篇 |
2005年 | 500篇 |
2004年 | 448篇 |
2003年 | 463篇 |
2002年 | 427篇 |
2001年 | 404篇 |
2000年 | 395篇 |
1999年 | 350篇 |
1998年 | 348篇 |
1997年 | 301篇 |
1996年 | 263篇 |
1995年 | 243篇 |
1994年 | 265篇 |
1993年 | 266篇 |
1992年 | 296篇 |
1991年 | 273篇 |
1990年 | 218篇 |
1989年 | 199篇 |
1988年 | 181篇 |
1987年 | 179篇 |
1986年 | 179篇 |
1985年 | 268篇 |
1984年 | 280篇 |
1983年 | 264篇 |
1982年 | 237篇 |
1981年 | 211篇 |
1980年 | 183篇 |
1979年 | 181篇 |
1978年 | 165篇 |
1977年 | 142篇 |
1976年 | 131篇 |
1975年 | 146篇 |
1974年 | 114篇 |
1973年 | 107篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 301 毫秒
991.
992.
993.
If teachers are not equipped to teach Technology Education subject nationally and internationally, the continent of Africa will continue to bear the brunt of unsavoury results unless radical interventions are implemented to transform the situation. It is against this background that action research methods became a useful site-based support to empower Technology teachers at three sampled schools from Tshwane South Circuit in Gauteng Province of South Africa. The purpose of this study was to share fresh perspectives on how a sample of Technology teachers responded to content-related classroom practices during reflective action research activities that took place during community engagement contact sessions. These teachers, who are under qualified and unqualified to teach this subject, were engaged in circular and spiral action research cycles. The teachers’ engagement brought forth the development of Technology Education Cascading Theory. It was evident that community engagement activities served as a podium to transform teachers’ teaching of Technology Education and enhance learners’ achievement. The study was underpinned by cooperative enquiry theory and engaged participants in reflective practices of developmental action paradigm. Interaction with Technology Education teachers further revealed that most of them need their schools to budget for this Technology subject they are teaching. 相似文献
994.
Luke M. Froeb Russell W. Pittman Charles S. Taragin Steven Tschantz Gregory J. Werden 《Review of Industrial Organization》2018,53(4):637-651
This article describes some of the work of Antitrust Division economists over the past year, with a focus on modeling. It begins by illustrating the mapping from evidence to prediction using tools for assessing the effects of mergers using Bertrand, Cournot, and auction models. It then turns to two hot topics in competition policy: the implications of claims of increasing margins for merger enforcement and the validity of claims of increasing concentration. Finally, it considers how mergers affect prices in bargaining models. 相似文献
995.
Research Summary: We propose that due to financial market pressures, managers are forward‐looking in their search and decision processes and focus on meeting performance targets set by the financial community. Using panel data on S&P 100 companies, we find that pressure felt by management to meet the analyst consensus earnings estimate influences the extent of corporate downsizing. Moreover, our results show that high levels of institutional investor stock ownership and CEO power attenuate managers’ sensitivity to financial market pressures, while high levels of analyst coverage increase their sensitivity. Managerial Summary: In this study we examine how financial market pressures influence managers’ downsizing decisions. We argue that investment analysts’ earnings estimates represent important performance targets to which managers aspire. If firms fail to meet analysts’ expectations, the stock price will suffer. This study shows that managers utilize corporate downsizing to address the potential shortfall between a firm's future performance and the analyst consensus earnings estimate. In addition, we find that managers’ concerns over meeting analysts’ earnings estimates are influenced by various contextual factors such as institutional investor stock ownership, CEO power, and high levels of analyst coverage. 相似文献
996.
Pierre-Richard Agénor Kyriakos C. Neanidis 《The journal of international trade & economic development》2013,22(4):425-454
This paper studies optimal direct and indirect taxation in an endogenous growth framework with a productive public good and costly tax collection. Optimal (growth-maximizing) tax rules are derived under exogenous collection costs. The optimal direct–indirect tax ratio is shown to be negatively related to the administrative costs of collecting these taxes, as documented in cross-country data. This result also holds under endogenous collection costs (with these costs inversely related to administrative spending on tax enforcement), but for these to generate significant effects on tax collection requires implausibly high degrees of efficiency in spending, or the allocation of a large fraction of resources to tax enforcement. Depending on how it is financed, the latter policy may entail adverse effects on growth. Improving ‘tax culture’ and the sense of civic duty through greater budgetary transparency may be a more effective policy to improve tax collection and promote economic growth. 相似文献
997.
Michel Ferrary 《Journal of Business Ethics》2009,87(1):31-43
In order to understand the system wherein human resource management practices are determined by the interactions of a complex
system of actors, it is necessary to have a conceptual framework of analysis. In this respect, the works of scholars (Mitroff,
1983, Stakeholders of the Organizational Mind, Jessey-Bass; Freeman, 1984, Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach, Pitman) concerning stakeholder theory opened new perspectives in management theory. An organisation is understood as being
part of a politico-economic system of stakeholders who interact and influence management practices. Each stakeholder tries
to optimise and protect his interests (Frooman, 1999, Academy of Management Review
24, 191–205; Savage et al., 1991, Academy of Management Executive
5(2), 61–75). The framework of stakeholder analysis enables escape from a purely instrumental approach to HRM, and avoids reducing
our understanding of conflicts within companies to mere antagonism between employees and their employers. It enables us to
point out the existence of other stakeholders in the relationship. Notably, it allows for the incorporation into management
theory of actors from the sphere of politics (president of the republic, government, national elected representatives – deputies
and senators – and locally elected representatives – mayors and regional councillors, etc.) as well as their dependent administrations.
All these actors are considered to be stakeholders who define the legal framework of firm management and guarantee the application
of these laws. 相似文献
998.
A model of how institutional investors evaluate and allocate business to brokers shows a complex pattern of influences. The broker's ability to execute transactions at appropriate prices is basic, but this combines with research and sales force performance to build a relationship that affects over-time allocation of business. It is difficult to separate relationship and selling performance, and relationship is subject to considerable decay. Research ability has a weak effect on business allocated on the basis of trading, while trading ability does affect business allocated on the basis of research. 相似文献
999.
1000.
Kenneth L. Cashdollar Eric S. Weiss Nevin B. Greninger Kris Chatrathi 《Process Safety Progress》1992,11(4):247-255
This paper describes dust explosibility research in full-scale experimental mines and a 20-L laboratory chamber at the U.S. Bureau of Mines and in a 1-m3 laboratory chamber at Fike Corporation. The purpose of this research is to improve safety in mining and other industries that manufacture, process, or use combustible dusts. As part of this work, carbonaceous dusts with a wide range of volatilities and various particle size distributions were studied. Laboratory data on the minimum explosible concentrations of predispersed dusts were comparable to mine data for nominal dust loadings that were dispersed by the aerodynamic disturbance from a gas ignition zone. Recommendations are given on the limitations of small-scale testing such as “overdriving” by too strong of an ignitor. The effect of dust particle size on explosibility data is illustrated for coal and aluminum dusts. For both dusts, the finest sizes were the most hazardous. The inerting requirements for preventing explosions were also measured in both laboratory and large-scale systems. All the data show relatively good agreement between the laboratory and the large-scale tests. 相似文献