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81.
Dieter Joachim Ziegenhagen 《保险科学杂志》2002,91(3):259-277
At present, our society and its social security system are not prepared to cope with the challenges resulting from the continuous increase of life expectancy. The traditional concept of disease has to be modified for serving the special needs of the elderly. The optimistic compression of disease theory is an intriguing model, but lacks prove by available data. The anti-aging boom diverts the focus from the social and financial burden that will be unevitably caused by long-term care in the future. If there will not be an — up to now unforeseeable — breakthrough in research, particularly dementia will have an enormous impact on social cost which is often underestimated. 相似文献
82.
Joachim Wagner 《Review of World Economics》2006,142(1):195-203
Using quantile regression and a rich cross section data set for German manufacturing plants this paper documents that the
impact of plant characteristics on export activities varies along the conditional size distribution of the export/sales ratio.
For example, firm size is statistically significant at a conventional level for the 0.25 quantile only; branch plant status
matters at the upper tail of the conditional distribution of the export/sales ratio only; the craft shop dummy is only significant
for the very top quantile; and patents do not matter at the very lower end of the conditional distribution of export over
sales. This has implications both for understanding what makes a successful exporter, and for the design of policy measures
with a focus on supporting exporters.
JEL no. F10, D21, L60 相似文献
83.
84.
85.
Joachim Wagner 《International Journal of the Economics of Business》2008,15(2):169-180
This paper contributes to the flourishing literature on exports and productivity by using a unique newly available panel of exporting establishments from the manufacturing sector of Germany from 1995 to 2004 to test three hypotheses motivated by a theoretical model by Hopenhayn (Econometrica 1992): (H1) Firms that stop exporting in year t were in t?1 less productive than firms that continue to export in t. (H2) Firms that start to export in year t are less productive than firms that export both in year t?1 and in year t. (H3) Firms from a cohort of export starters that still export in the last year of the panel were more productive in the start year than firms from the same cohort that stopped exporting in between. While results for West Germany support all three hypotheses, this is only the case for (H1) and (H2) in East Germany. 相似文献
86.
Using a representative sample of more than 13,000 households from eight countries in the European Union (EU), this article empirically studies the factors related to household electricity contract switching by distinguishing between internal switchers (households that switched contracts but stayed with the same supplier) from external switchers (households that switched to a new supplier). The econometric analysis includes individual preferences, household structural factors and socio-demographic characteristics, as well as electricity market characteristics. The study explicitly explores the role of risk and time preferences on switching behaviours, with risk and time preferences elicited through incentivized experiments as well as self-assessment scales. The main results suggest that internal and external switching are not related to the same factors, that risk and time preferences affect switching behaviours, and that renters are less likely to switch than homeowners; further, electricity market characteristics are found to affect household electricity contract switching. 相似文献
87.
Joachim Wagner 《Applied economics》2013,45(3):294-302
This study uses newly available enterprise-level data for firms from manufacturing industries in Germany to test for the link between credit constraints, measured by a credit-rating score from the leading credit-rating agency Creditreform, and exports. In line with hypotheses from a theoretical model, we find a positive link between a better credit-rating score of a firm and both the probability that the firm is an exporter and a higher share of exports in total sales. This link, though statistically highly significant, is not very strong from an economic point of view. While empirical evidence for the hypothesis that credit-constrained firms are less likely to start to export is, at best, weak, we find no evidence for a statistically significant difference in credit-rating scores between firms that stopped to export and firms that continued to export. 相似文献
88.
Quality &; Quantity - Lindner’s (Psychologische Beiträge 26:393–415, 1984) test is a generalisation of Fisher’s exact test for 2 × 2 contingency tables to 2 k... 相似文献
89.
Joachim Zietz 《Oxford bulletin of economics and statistics》2001,63(2):263-273
The paper studies the consequences of neglecting parameter heterogeneity for the linear regression model and cross-sectional data. Monte-Carlo experiments are used to illustrate that neglected parameter heterogeneity typically leads to (a) regression coefficients that are economically meaningless and (b)significant test statistics for heteroskedasticity and, possibly non-normality. The paper concludes that evidence for heteroskedasticity should not routinely lead to the use of White's well-known heteroskedasticity-consistent variance covariance matrix estimator. If heteroskedasticity is caused by neglected parameter heterogeneity or other causes of heteroskedasticity, such as wrong functional form, White's estimator will not serve any useful purpose. 相似文献
90.
Imputed Rent and Income Inequality: A Decomposition Analysis for Great Britain, West Germany and the U.S. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article deals with income advantages derived from owner-occupied housing and their impact on the personal income distribution. Using micro-data from the British Household Panel Study (BHPS), the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), and the U.S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) we find distinct cross-national differences in terms of the prevalence and extent of imputed rent. Results from inequality decomposition analyses show this overall impact to be the net effect of two conflicting changes: On the one hand there is increasing income inequality between the groups of owneroccupiers and renters, respectively, and, on the other hand, we find inequality to be decreasing within the group of those owner-occupiers who own outright. When focussing on imputed rent as a means of old-age provision, our results for all three countries show an income advantage for, as well as a poverty reducing effect among the elderly. The empirical findings support the claim for the need of an improved harmonization of this non-cash income component especially for the purpose of cross-national comparative research. 相似文献