Manufacturing Firms’ Demand for Water Recirculation

Relatively little is known about the factors that influence firms’ water recirculation decisions. This paper estimates an econometric model that jointly considers two facets of firms’ recirculation behavior: first, the discrete decision of whether to recirculate and, second, the decision of how much to recirculate. The model is estimated by applying the Heckman two-stage estimation procedure to cross-sectional data from Environment Canada's 1996 Industrial Water Use Survey. In the first stage, long-run factors, such as relative water scarcity and production technologies, are found to influence the decision whether to recirculate water. In the second stage, the imputed prices of intake water and water recirculation as well as the scale of operations are found to influence the choice of the optimal quantity of water to recirculate. Les facteurs qui influencent les décisions des entreprises concernant le recyclage de l’eau sont assez peu connus. Dans le présent article, nous avons estimé un modèle économétrique qui tient compte de deux aspects du comportement des entreprises envers le recyclage de l’eau : le choix de recycler l’eau ou non et le choix de la quantité d’eau à recycler. Nous avons estimé le modèle à l’aide de la procédure en deux étapes de Heckman que nous avons appliquée à des données transversales tirées de l’Enquête sur l’utilisation industrielle de l’eau, réalisée par Environnement Canada en 1996. À la première étape, des facteurs à long terme tels que la rareté relative de l’eau et les technologies de production influent sur la décision de recycler l’eau ou non. À la deuxième étape, les prix imputés du captage et du recyclage de l’eau ainsi que l’envergure des opérations influent sur le choix de la quantité optimale d’eau à recycler.     

惠普,你痛快点

它需要决定WebOS操作系统何去何从,当断不断会倒大霉的。     

Workers with Disabilities: Exploring the Hiring Intentions of Nonprofit and For-profit Employers

Using the Theory of Planned Behavior as a conceptual framework, focus groups were held with nonprofit and for-profit employers in order to examine behavioral intentions to hire workers with disabilities. Content analysis revealed the following main themes: (1) For-profit hiring strategies were driven by a mission to sell a product or service; (2) Nonprofit hiring strategies were driven by a mission to serve the community; (3) Forprofit hiring and nonprofit hiring were impacted by the economy; (4) Although driven to have diverse workforces, the number of workers with disabilities was largely unknown; and (5) Employer attitudes mattered and impacted job opportunities for people with disabilities. Implications of this qualitative study highlight the utility of the Theory of Planned Behavior and the role that nonprofit managers and leaders may play in improving employment opportunities for individuals with disabilities.     

A dynamic segmentation of U.S. women during the COVID-19 pandemic

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a vast, but uneven, influence on consumers. Diversity in consumer reactions, and the extent to which those reactions lead to lasting preference and lifestyle changes, present challenges for implementing effective marketing strategies during a period of societal crisis. To address this, we conducted a dynamic segmentation analysis involving over 14,000 U.S. women by assessing relevant psychological, experiential, and other personal factors at multiple time points during the pandemic. This analysis identified seven unique consumer segments who varied in their current and future degree of change, and who indicated responsiveness to specific forms of brand and advertising content. This seven-segment clustering was highly stable over time, suggesting that certain segmentation approaches hold continuing value for marketers even as widespread events like pandemics evolve.     

On the Non-Linear Relationship between Fiscal Deficit and Inflation: The Nigeria Experience

International Advances in Economic Research - Based on linear models, the bulk of empirical studies have confirmed that large and persistent fiscal deficits are inflationary in most developing...     

Inhabited Actors: Internalizing Institutions through Communication and Actorhood Models

We argue that accounts of relationships among actors, actorhood and institutions are predominantly based on a spatial metaphor of actors operating within institutions. We outline how an inversion of this metaphor – i.e., the perspective that institutions inhabit actors – may prove generative for theory, particularly with respect to recent discussions about the microfoundations of institutions. We outline how communication and actorhood models function as transmission mechanisms of institutions from one actor to another. We conclude with a discussion of how the inverted metaphor of institutions inhabiting actors can be useful for future theoretical developments.