全文获取类型
收费全文 | 14048篇 |
免费 | 386篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 2335篇 |
工业经济 | 1143篇 |
计划管理 | 2316篇 |
经济学 | 2955篇 |
综合类 | 140篇 |
运输经济 | 107篇 |
旅游经济 | 232篇 |
贸易经济 | 2409篇 |
农业经济 | 717篇 |
经济概况 | 2073篇 |
信息产业经济 | 2篇 |
邮电经济 | 5篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 82篇 |
2021年 | 79篇 |
2020年 | 172篇 |
2019年 | 235篇 |
2018年 | 271篇 |
2017年 | 302篇 |
2016年 | 284篇 |
2015年 | 208篇 |
2014年 | 344篇 |
2013年 | 1623篇 |
2012年 | 415篇 |
2011年 | 543篇 |
2010年 | 380篇 |
2009年 | 440篇 |
2008年 | 432篇 |
2007年 | 421篇 |
2006年 | 446篇 |
2005年 | 388篇 |
2004年 | 360篇 |
2003年 | 381篇 |
2002年 | 362篇 |
2001年 | 302篇 |
2000年 | 279篇 |
1999年 | 258篇 |
1998年 | 274篇 |
1997年 | 260篇 |
1996年 | 237篇 |
1995年 | 202篇 |
1994年 | 178篇 |
1993年 | 222篇 |
1992年 | 202篇 |
1991年 | 191篇 |
1990年 | 169篇 |
1989年 | 153篇 |
1988年 | 152篇 |
1987年 | 127篇 |
1986年 | 145篇 |
1985年 | 224篇 |
1984年 | 233篇 |
1983年 | 183篇 |
1982年 | 193篇 |
1981年 | 171篇 |
1980年 | 169篇 |
1979年 | 162篇 |
1978年 | 119篇 |
1977年 | 119篇 |
1976年 | 110篇 |
1975年 | 84篇 |
1974年 | 106篇 |
1973年 | 63篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
161.
162.
163.
This paper has three goals. First, we demonstrate that standard arguments and methods from production and duality analysis
can be used to provide a comprehensive and general treatment of the value of information for a risk-averse firm with expected-utility
(linear-in-probabilities) preferences and a general stochastic technology. Second, we place bounds on the value of information
for a risk-averse firm and relate these bounds to characteristics of the technology and the producer’s preferences. The third
and final goal is to derive the implications that information differences can have for measured efficiency differences and
to relate the bounds on the value of information to those measured differences.
相似文献
164.
Amongst the growing literature on the technical and social aspects of microelectronics in work organizations, a considerable portion has direct or indirect pertinence to the question of managerial practice. That segment of the literature relating to new office technology is perhaps especially conscious of this angle — not least because this sphere of innovation has a clear bearing on the managerial role itself. Drawing both on theoretical issues extracted from this literature, and on empirical studies in three insurance companies, it is argued that while control is of crucial long-term importance in shaping the general direction of organizational change using new technology, there are sound sociological reasons why the path which is beaten out in that direction remains a far from straight one. Moreover, while differences in organizational practice between these organizations are found to exist, these appear to be associated only indirectly with the diverse levels of technological sophistication. 相似文献
165.
Property taxes and the timing of urban land development 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper develops an optimal timing model which extends our understanding of the effects which property taxes have on the timing of land development. Comparative static effects of changes in property tax rates are investigated and policy rules are developed for the use of differential pre- and post-development tax rates to affect the timing of development. Changes in the property tax rate are found to be non-neutral with respect to the timing of development in most cases, accelerating or delaying development depending upon specific market conditions. 相似文献
166.
This paper focuses on the fundamental changes in the management of state enterprises that are taking place in China. Specifically, we discuss the expansion of enterprise autonomy and changes in the managerial decision-making structure. The genesis of the reform programme is traced back to inefficiencies caused by the over-centralized state planning system which reduced enterprise management to little more than an administrative function dominated by the Party secretary. As a consequence, managerial and technical cadres became demoralized and the growth of staff functions such as accounting, marketing and personnel management was stunted. From a series of experiments launched in 1978 has grown the realization that tinkering around with the state planning apparatus is insufficient to stimulate entrepreneurship and vigorous industrial expansion. Accordingly, reform has been launched on a broad front both within the state apparatus, in an endeavour to roll back external constraints on enterprise, and within the enterprise itself, by seeking to provide powerful incentives both to managerial cadres and workers through a system stressing individual responsibility and rewards commensurate with results. A number of severe constraints on the reform programme are analysed, in particular, the changing balance of power within the enterprise between the factory director, the Party secretary, the workers’congress and the trade union. Contradictions exist within the new structure of decision-making but, given a period of political stability and sustained economic growth, there should be sufficient surplus to mollify discontent and stifle those who refuse to give up their belief in the virtues of having‘politics in command’of the industrial enterprise. 相似文献
167.
This paper examines the determinants of intended electoral participation. We analyze attitudes to both referenda and voting
in national elections. Sample survey data are obtained from the Eurobarometer survey of transition countries in Central and
Eastern Europe. The empirical results suggest that intended electoral participation increases with age, income and education.
But attitudinal variables are also important and in particular confidence in the free market economy and satisfaction with
the general development of the country impact positively on intended electoral participation.
Received: Received: April 2003 / Accepted: August 2004, Accepted: Received: April 2003 / Accepted: August 2004,
JEL Classification:
H26, K42
We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of CERGE-EI. We are also grateful for the helpful comments of three anonymous
referees, the journal editor and R. Filer and L. Squires. 相似文献
168.
John C. Alexander Jr. Michael F. Spivey 《The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance》1997,37(4):905-921
The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act of 1989 mandated that at least 60 days advance notice be given to employees. Critics argued that its passage would decrease managerial flexibility in closing plants, subsequently reducing firm values. This study addresses this issue by examining the stock market's reaction to announcements leading to the eventual enactment of the WARN legislation. We find evidence indicating negative effects of the legislation on stock returns of small firms. 相似文献
169.
170.
This paper develops a rational expectations framework for interpreting the coefficient on age in a standard hedonic model. The model demonstrates that there are two components to the age coefficient: a pure cross-sectional depreciation component and a demand-side component that changes over time. We also show that a constant quality price index with age constant can be estimated by using any repeat sales database that contains the year of construction (or property age). When Fairfax County data are fitted to the model, the time series of age coefficients is non-stationary: they change from negative in the early 1980s to positive in the late 1980s; we infer that the demand-side component dominated in the latter period. 相似文献