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171.
172.
Jay Pil Choi 《International Economic Review》2002,43(3):803-829
This article develops an incomplete contract model of the licensing relationship to analyze the dynamic effects of licensing on R&D competition in the innovation market and to examine the rationale for often observed ‘‘grant‐back'’ clauses. Of particular concern are how the consideration of future competition distorts the licensing relationship and how the grant‐back clause can mitigate this distortion. I also evaluate the validity of the casual antitrust argument that grant‐back clauses may adversely affect competition because they reduce the licensee's incentive to engage in R&D and thereby limit rivalry in innovation markets. 相似文献
173.
In most experimental auctions, researchers ask participants to bid on the same item in multiple potentially binding rounds, posting the price submitted by the top bidder or bidders after each of those rounds. If bids submitted in later rounds are affiliated with posted prices from earlier rounds, this practice could result in biased value estimates. In this article, we discuss the results of an experiment designed explicitly to test whether posted prices affect bidding behavior. We find that for familiar items, high posted prices lead to increased bids in subsequent rounds. Our results have implications for researchers conducting experimental auctions. 相似文献
174.
Jay D. Lindquist Ph.D. 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1981,9(4):409-418
The research deals with an investigation of the reliability of a seven-item test developed by Rossiter (1977) to investigate
children's attitudes toward TV commercials. A comparative analysis of the internal-consistency reliability, using Cronbach's
alpha, and testretest reliability, using Pearson's r, is presented for two previous studies and the current effort. The effects
of extension to a more diverse socioeconomic spectrum and to younger children are discussed. It is concluded that the test
should be lengthened and administered to midmiddle and higher SES children. The latter condition is stated since reading skills
appear to impinge on reliability scores.
This research was supported by a fellowship and grant from the Faculty Research Fund, Western Michigan University. The author
is indebted to Professor John R. Rossiter for suggestions concerning this task. 相似文献
175.
The publication of the Global Competitiveness Report 2005‐2006 by the World Economic Forum (WEF) (2005) has focused attention once more upon the relative abilities of many countries to compete in world markets. This article provides an analysis and evaluation of the approach taken by the WEF in constructing its measure of international growth competitiveness, the Growth Competitiveness Index (GCI) which is used to rank countries. In particular, the study identifies three areas where the GCI is vulnerable to criticism. First, the treatment of outliers for hard data items is ambiguous and we identify alternative methods for dealing with outliers that are justifiable or even superior. Second, the crucial role of the variable utility patents in the calculation of the GCI is questioned and serious doubts concerning the use of this variable are raised. Third, the article suggests an alternative approach, based upon structural equation modeling, which should be used for the determination of weights in the index calculation process, rather than the arbitrary method adopted by the WEF. 相似文献
176.
Jay Bhattacharya Dana Goldman Neeraj Sood 《Journal of economic behavior & organization》2009,72(1):451-462
We construct and implement a test of rational consumer behavior in a high-stakes financial market. In particular, we test whether consumers make systematic mistakes in perceiving their mortality risks. We implement this test using data from secondary life insurance markets where consumers with a life-threatening illness sell their life insurance policies to firms in return for an up-front payment. We compare predictions from two models: one with consumers who correctly perceive their mortality risk, and one with consumers who are misguided about their life expectancy, and find that our data are most consistent with the predictions made by the second model. 相似文献
177.
Jay P. Mulki Jorge Fernando Jaramillo William B. Locander 《Journal of Business Ethics》2009,86(2):125-141
Leaders play a critical role in setting the tone for ethical climate in organizations. In recent years, there has been an
increased skepticism about the role played by corporate executives in developing and implementing ethics in business practices.
Sales and marketing practices of businesses, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry, have come under increased scrutiny.
This study identifies a type of leadership style that can help firms develop an ethical climate. Responses from 333 salespeople
working for a North American subsidiary of an international pharmaceutical company were used to analyze the impact of instrumental
leadership on ethical climate. We also examined the effect of ethical climate on effort, satisfaction with the supervisor,
and job satisfaction. Managerial implications are provided. 相似文献
178.
Jay Prakash Mulki Fernando Jaramillo Shavin Malhotra William B. Locander 《Journal of Business Research》2012,65(1):77-83
Job stress is an integral part of the organizational landscape and particularly severe in the sales profession. A host of studies have looked at felt stress, its antecedents, and consequences. This research examines how employee resistance to change and a manager's decisiveness affect the salesperson's felt stress and turnover intentions. This study shows that the salesperson's resistance to change is positively associated with felt stress. Study results also show that the impact of an employee's resistance to change on felt stress is moderated by a manager's decisiveness. Model hypotheses are tested with responses from 255 bank salespeople in India. 相似文献
179.
We identify professional tennis matches where one player competes for extraordinarily high payoffs while their opposition does not. Players “on the bubble” of direct qualification to upcoming Grand Slam events face substantially higher stakes than opponents, which presents an opportunity for collusion. Our findings produce evidence that is consistent with the hypothesis of unethical behavior taking place on the men's tour, as bubble players are 5.1 percentage points more likely to beat better ranked opponents than in comparable nonbubble matches. However, no such evidence emerges when analyzing women's tennis. We find additional support for the hypothesis of match‐fixing activities on the men's tour from analyzing the occurrence of tie‐breaks and the fact that our results become stronger once monetary incentives were increased after the 2013 season. Finally, the betting market does not predict this phenomenon, further confirming our suspicion of irregular activities. 相似文献
180.
Matthew L. Jensen Thomas O. Meservy Judee K. Burgoon Jay F. NunamakerJr. 《Group Decision and Negotiation》2010,19(4):367-389
This article outlines an approach for automatically extracting behavioral indicators from video, audio, and text and explores
the possibility of using those indicators to predict human-interpretable judgments of involvement, dominance, tension, and
arousal. We utilized two-dimensional spatial inputs extracted from video, acoustic properties extracted from audio and verbal
content transcribed from face-to-face interactions to construct a set of multimodal features. Multiple predictive models were
created using the extracted features as predictors and human-coded perceptions of involvement, tenseness, and arousal as the
criterion. These predicted perceptions were then used as independent variables in classifying truth and deception. Though
the predicted values for perceptions performed comparably to human-coded perceptions in detecting deception, the results were
not satisfying. Thus, the extracted multimodal features were used to predict deception directly. Classification accuracy was
substantially higher than typical human deception detection performance. Through this research, we consider the feasibility
and validity of the approach and identify how such an approach could contribute to the broader community. 相似文献