The linkage between development and health is clearly spelt out in the definition of primary health care by the World Health Organisation. There is a widespread and growing disillusionment with the traditional Western approach to health care which fails to meet the real demands of the Third World situation.
This paper looks briefly at conditions in the developing world and the strategy proposed by the W H O to attempt to meet the objective of health for all by the year 2000 and refers to the South African situation. 相似文献
Richard Robison, Indonesia: The Rise of Capital, Allen and Unwin, Sydney, 1986 pp. xxv + 425. Indexed. $19.95.
W.L. Korthals Altes, Changing Economy in Indonesia: Volume 7: Balance of Payments, 1822–1939, Amsterdam: The Royal Tropical Institute. pp. 167.
Trade Statistics, Java, 1823–73: Trade Statistics, Indonesia 1874–1937. Mededeelingen van het Centraal Kantoor voor de Statistiek nos 160 and 161
Om Prakash, The Dutch East India Company and the Economy of Bengal, 1630–1720, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985 pp. xii + 291, map, tables. graphs, glossary, index. Cloth $38.50.
Sediono M.P. Tjondronegoro, Social Organization and Planned Development in Rural Java, Singapore, Oxford University Press for the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1984, pp. xv + 326.
A. Fujimoto and F. Matsuda (eds), An Economic Study of Rice Farming in West Java, Tokyo: NODAI Research Institute, Tokyo, University of Agriculture, 1986.
A. Fujimoto and T. Matsuda (eds), A Comparative Study of the Structure of Rice Productivity and Rural Society in Southeast Asta Two Village Studies in Indonesta and Thailand, Tokyo: University of Agriculture, 1985. Reviewed by C.L J. van der Meer (1986) Bulletin of Indanesian Economic Studies, 22(2) pp. 124–27
David Jenkins, Suharto and His Generals: Indonesian Military Politics, 1975–1983, Ithaca: Cornell Modern Indonesia Project, Monograph Series No. 64, 1984, pp. xiii + 280. US$12.50. David Bourchier, Dynamics of Dissent in Indonesia Sawito and the Phantom Coup, Ithaca: Cornell Modern Indonesia Project, Interim Reports Series, 1984, pp. 128. US$9.00.
Linda G. Martin (ed), The ASEAN Success Story: Social, Economic, and Political Dimensions, East-West Center, distributed by the University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 1987, pp. xviii + 253. $15.00.
Mubyarto and Edy Suandy Hamid (eds), Kredit Pedesaan di Indonesia, Badan Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi, U.G.M., 1986 pp, 160.
Ron Hatley, et al., Other Javas Away from the Kraton, Melbourne: Monash University, 1984, pp. 60.
K.S. Nathan and M. Pathmanathan (eds), Trilateralism in Asia: Problems and Prospects in US-Japan-ASEAN Relations, Antara Book Company, Kuala Lumpur, 1986, pp. xviii + 205. $18.00 (cloth): $12.00 (paper). 相似文献
The authors examine the role of organizational factors affecting interdepartmental interactions and their subsequent effects
on product quality. Results from a national study suggest that product quality is affected by interdepartmental conflict and
connectedness. Importantly, the linkage between interdepartmental conflict and product quality appears to be robust across
varying levels of market turbulence and technological turbulence. In contrast, interdepartmental connectedness appears to
be more important for product quality under conditions of high market and technological turbulence. The results also indicate
that interdepartmental interactions are influenced by leadership characteristics (risk aversion of top managers), reward system
orientation, and organization structure (centralization, departmentalization, and hierarchical levels). Managerial implications
and directions for future work are proposed.
His research interests focus on marketing strategy, marketing management, and new product management. His work has appeared
in theJournal of Marketing, Journal of Business Research, and other journals.
His research focuses on implementing and controlling marketing, market/environmental orientation, and customer responses to
advertising. His work has appeared in theJournal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, Review of Marketing, and other journals.
His research interests include market orientation, marketing strategy, sales management, and industrial marketing. His work
has appeared in a number of journals including theJournal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, andStrategic Management Journal. 相似文献
Consumer susceptibility to reference group influence has been demonstrated for certain products and buying situations. This
article reports a study designed to determine if reference group influence varies between consumers classified as situationally-oriented
and dispositionally-oriented. Results indicate a considerable difference between the two groups.
Independence Health Plan 相似文献
Consumer outshopping research has shown there are significant, but weak, relationships between consumers' attitudes toward
local retailers and the degree to which they shop in local versus outlying areas. An alternative attitude measurement, retail
patronage loyalty, is proposed and empirically evaluated. The loyalty scale was shown to be a stronger and more generalizable
predictor of consumer outshopping behavior. 相似文献
Conclusion David Wilson (1995) has provided us with much grist for thought with his integrated framework for customer-supplier relationship
development. In focusing on which constructs are “active” and therefore most meaningful at each stage, he has opened a new
vista for research in this area. Our models and empirical research ought to reflect this, but to date they largely have not.
I have suggested qualitative, longitudinal research as a preferred next step in gaining the knowledge that we will need to
make field-survey, longitudinal research worthwhile.
Wilson also is to be lauded for drawing greater attention to value creation as a central undertaking in customer-supplier
relationships. Understanding and actualizing value creation (and value sharing) are critical aspects of the market-sensing
and customer-linking capabilities in market-driven organizations (Day 1994), yet the mechanisms underlying them and the methodologies
for accurately assessing them remain largely unknown. Here, particularly for tool development research, it would seem to be
an opportune time for business marketing academics and practitioners to form their own collaborative relationships for mutual
gain.
His research interests are in working relationships between firms in business markets and measurement techniques. His articles
have appeared inHarvard Business Review, Journal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, Management Science, Psychological Bulletin, andPsychometrika, among others. He has been vice president of the Business Marketing Division of the American Marketing Association and is
a fellow of the American Psychological Association. 相似文献
Researchers’ attentions have recently focused on how salespeople cope with role stress. This study focuses on salespersons’
use of six upward influence tactics (UITs) with the immediate sales manager, and how salespeople use UITs to lessen the impact
of two role stressors (perceived role conflict and role ambiguity) associated with the sales job. The study also evaluates
the potential moderating role of UITs on relationships between role stress and manager satisfaction and propensity to leave.
Analysis of data gathered from a heterogeneous sample revealed differences in use of UITs between salespeople classified as
either high or low in role stress. Salespeople who perceive high role conflict employ assertiveness and upward appeal UITs
more frequently. Salespeople who perceive high role ambiguity use exchange and coalition-building UITs more frequently. Results
also suggest that salespersons’ use of assertiveness and ingratiation UITs exacerbate relationships between perceived role
ambiguity and two outcomes: satisfaction with supervisor and propensity to leave. Implications of the study findings for sales
managers are reviewed, as are implications for further research.
His research interests are in the areas of personal selling and sales management. His work has appeared inJournal of Education for Business, Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, and various national and international conference proceedings.
Jeffrey K. Sager, Ph. D., conducts research in the areas of salesperson turnover and job stress. His work has appeared in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, andJournal of Business Research.
His research interests are in the fields of strategic management and organizational behavior. His research has been published
in theAcademy of Management Journal, Journal of Applied Psychology, and several other journals. 相似文献
Summary In 1961 Arrow, Chenery, Minhas and Solow presented their C.E.S. production function, which was based on the relation between the real wage rate and the average labour productivity. They argued that, if the aggregate production function is continuous, lineair and homogeneous, then, with perfect competition and profit maximalization prevailing, the relation between the real wage rate and the average labour productivity is reflection of the production structure. This relation can, therefore, be used for specifying the production structure.In the present paper, the same line of thought is applied to the Dutch economy. Several hypotheses on the relation between wage rate and average labour productivity are tested. Statistically, it turns out that in the Dutch economy the elasticity of substitution between capital and labour is not a constant: it declines with increasing capital-labour ratio. Two statistically acceptable production equations that have this feature are presented.The efficiency parameter appearing as an integration constant in both production equations shows a decline: with labour productivity constant, the capital-labour ratio is falling over time. This means that the relation between labour productivity and capital-labour ratio shifts over time. Another outcome of this study is that technical progress is capitalaugmenting and that it brings about 50 percent of the growth in the labour productivity.De schrijvers zijn dank verschuldigd aan Prof. Dr. F. J. de Jong voor zijn stimulerende kritiek en aan de heren J. G. Althuis, F. J. van Bolhuis, J. D. Flikweert, H. Jager en B. S. Wilpstra, assistenten bij de afdeling Algemene Economie van de Economische Faculteit der Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen, voor hun bereidwillige medewerking aan dit onderzoek. 相似文献