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991.
What are the steady-state implications of inflation in a general-equilibrium model with real per capita output growth and staggered nominal price and wage contracts? Surprisingly, a benchmark calibration implies an optimal inflation rate of -1.9 percent. The analysis also shows that trend inflation has important effects on the economy when combined with nominal contracts and real output growth. Steady-state output and welfare losses are quantitatively important even for low values of trend inflation. Further, nominal wage contracting is found to be quantitatively more important than nominal price contracting in generating the results. This conclusion does not arise from price dispersion per se, but from an effect of nominal output growth on the optimal markup of monopolistically competitive labour suppliers. Finally, accounting for productivity growth is found to be important for calculating the welfare costs of inflation. Indeed, the presence of 2 percent productivity growth increases the welfare costs of inflation in the benchmark specification by a factor of four relative to the no-growth case. 相似文献
992.
Kevin Money Author Vitae Carola Hillenbrand Author Vitae Marc Day Author Vitae Gregory M. Magnan Author Vitae 《Industrial Marketing Management》2010,39(5):761-768
Reputation is a concept that has been widely studied in terms of the perceptions of characteristics of single firms. We argue that there is merit in extending the study of reputation to the perception of characteristics of inter-firm partnerships. Cases of business-to-business partnerships are used to explore the notion of partnership reputation and its associated characteristics. Insights from the study of corporate reputation are used to develop a conceptual model and propositions that specify some of the characteristics and outcomes of partnership reputation. We propose that partnership reputation includes perceptions of mutual understanding, flexibility of interaction and synergy. The benefits of partnership reputation are then explored in terms of the positive behaviours such a reputation may engender with stakeholders. The paper concludes by discussing limitations and outlining directions for future research. 相似文献
993.
Relational mechanisms,formal contracts,and local knowledge acquisition by international subsidiaries
This research focuses on relational and contractual mechanisms and examines their impact on foreign subsidiaries' acquisition of tacit and explicit knowledge from local suppliers. Using survey data from 168 foreign subsidiaries operating in China, this study finds broad support for the proposed analytical framework. When the foreign subsidiary and supplier share common goals, the foreign subsidiary acquires greater levels of both explicit and tacit knowledge; trust between the two parties promotes the acquisition of greater levels of tacit than explicit knowledge. However, access to the local supplier network through the focal supplier enables the foreign subsidiary to acquire greater levels of explicit but not tacit knowledge. Formal contracts play a complementary role in knowledge acquisition: contracts enhance the acquisition of explicit knowledge and further strengthen the effects of relational mechanisms on tacit and explicit knowledge acquisition. Overall, these findings provide important implications for foreign subsidiaries regarding how to acquire local knowledge in host countries through both formal and informal mechanisms. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
994.
995.
Kevin Xiaoguo Zhu 《International Journal of Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance & Management》1996,5(4):241-258
To maintain a competitive edge, it becomes increasingly important for companies to manage their maintenance dollars effectively. This study reveals that a surprisingly large part of capital investment is associated with equipment maintenance in real business environments. Moreover, equipment availability also affects productivity, profitability and the ability to response to market demand. Therefore, maintenance management is becoming an important business area in many industrial settings. Sensory data utilization and interpretation is vital in the decision-making process for maintenance management. The paper proposes that indicative information and early warning about the health of the constituent components of a system are gathered through appropriate sensor measurement and monitoring. This strategy does not specify the use of fixed intervals for maintenance but dynamically adapt the maintenance intervals to the system's actual need for service. This strategy is called condition-based predictive maintenance, in contrast to scheduled maintenance with fixed intervals. Technologies including sensor measurement, data processing, knowledge-based intelligent systems and software implementation are integrated in this research to provide solid support for maintenance management. The purpose of this study is to investigate this new paradigm, its implications in business settings, and its implementation as a software system. Preventing catastrophic failures and damage to equipment is a major objective in this research. Adding value, reducing maintenance costs, and increasing the company's competitiveness are other driving factors for establishing a computerized management support system. 相似文献
996.
This study adopted a structural approach to examine the formation and characteristics of Chinese business networks via interlocking
directorates during a stage in China’s institutional transitions. Analyses of the network structures of 949 listed companies
revealed that: (1) Chinese business networks were smaller in scale and lower in density than their Western counterparts; (2)
no nationwide network with a dominant center existed; (3) interlock occurred mainly in the form of smaller business groups
which tended to be regionally fragmented; (4) ties were more prevalent among industrial peers than with financial institutions;
and (5) government ownership was predominant. These findings therefore deepen our understanding about the pattern and extent
of business interlock in China. Not only do these findings provide substantive implications to the notion and dimensionality
of guanxi, but they also offer inspiration to managers and policy makers by illuminating key characteristics of network structure.
Laying these foundations shall pave the way for future research in the structure of Chinese business networks.
Bing Ren (PhD, The Chinese University of Hong Kong) is an associate professor in the Department of Management, School of Business at Nankai University, China. Her main research areas include Chinese business network studies, institutional transition and firm strategic choices, entrepreneurship and corporate governance issues in China. Currently, she is undertaking two research projects funded by the natural science foundation of China. The first one relates to the intercorporate network of interlocking directorates and its influence on firm strategies during China’s institutional transition. The second relates to a legitimacy perspective of new venture growth and creation in China. Kevin Au (PhD, University of British Columbia) is an associate professor of management at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and serves as an associate director for the MBA programme and Centre for Entrepreneurship. His research interests span across micro and macro issues in global management, social network, entrepreneurship, and research methodology. He serves on the editorial boards of Asia Pacific Journal of Management and Journal of Organizational Behavior and conducts consulting projects for business and government organizations. This is Professor Au’s fourth contribution to APJM. Thomas A. Birtch is a Senior Research Fellow (Centre for Economics and Policy) at the University of Cambridge. He has held an academic appointment at The Chinese University of Hong Kong, visited universities in Asia, Europe, and North America, and has affiliations with several research centres, including at MIT, Cambridge, and The Chinese University of Hong Kong. He has also held directorships and senior management positions in large scale organizations and government spanning three continents and consulted in over 30 countries. His current research interests include the performance of individuals, organizations, and markets, the transferability of management practices, FDI and post-merger integration strategy, rewards and incentives, entrepreneurship and innovative organizations, and business in China. His recent publications appear in journals such as Human Relations, Management International Review, International Journal of Hospitality Management, International Journal of Human Resource Management, and Journal of International Management. 相似文献
Thomas A. BirtchEmail: |
Bing Ren (PhD, The Chinese University of Hong Kong) is an associate professor in the Department of Management, School of Business at Nankai University, China. Her main research areas include Chinese business network studies, institutional transition and firm strategic choices, entrepreneurship and corporate governance issues in China. Currently, she is undertaking two research projects funded by the natural science foundation of China. The first one relates to the intercorporate network of interlocking directorates and its influence on firm strategies during China’s institutional transition. The second relates to a legitimacy perspective of new venture growth and creation in China. Kevin Au (PhD, University of British Columbia) is an associate professor of management at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and serves as an associate director for the MBA programme and Centre for Entrepreneurship. His research interests span across micro and macro issues in global management, social network, entrepreneurship, and research methodology. He serves on the editorial boards of Asia Pacific Journal of Management and Journal of Organizational Behavior and conducts consulting projects for business and government organizations. This is Professor Au’s fourth contribution to APJM. Thomas A. Birtch is a Senior Research Fellow (Centre for Economics and Policy) at the University of Cambridge. He has held an academic appointment at The Chinese University of Hong Kong, visited universities in Asia, Europe, and North America, and has affiliations with several research centres, including at MIT, Cambridge, and The Chinese University of Hong Kong. He has also held directorships and senior management positions in large scale organizations and government spanning three continents and consulted in over 30 countries. His current research interests include the performance of individuals, organizations, and markets, the transferability of management practices, FDI and post-merger integration strategy, rewards and incentives, entrepreneurship and innovative organizations, and business in China. His recent publications appear in journals such as Human Relations, Management International Review, International Journal of Hospitality Management, International Journal of Human Resource Management, and Journal of International Management. 相似文献
997.
Kevin Castle 《Thunderbird国际商业评论》2010,52(5):439-455
Many scholars believe with the United States' increasing debt, the global position of the dollar is weakening. As the dollar declines, China, now the largest holder of U.S. dollars in the world, is understandably concerned. China's controversial peg to the U.S. dollar, combined with its $2.4 trillion in foreign reserves and trade imbalances, is debated daily by politicians and economists. This article presents arguments for and against the current China monetary policy in economic and political contexts. Statements from China's leaders, other global leaders, and economists are reviewed. Economic and political obstacles and incentives in the context of their influence on the China government are considered. Finally, milestones for business leaders to look for are suggested to help determine China's possible path to a fully convertible yuan. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
998.
Today, global conditions challenge traditional views of management, marketing, and economics. The goods-dominant view, centered
on the notion of production and consumption, is being subsumed by the service-dominant view, centered on the notion that business
value is cocreated by interaction of economic entities. Here, we consider IBM and its brand, showing that it reflects - and
always has reflected — the service-dominant view of value cocreation. 相似文献
999.
We demonstrate that more intense competition in games with production and negative externalities may be payoff-improving, and therefore welcomed by incumbents. In games that feature equilibria with strategic complements, increased competition may give rise to a new equilibrium where aggregate effort is lower, and the resulting reduced levels of externalities ultimately leaves all players better off. This setting applies to models of Cournot oligopoly, of common pool resources, and contests with endogenous prizes.
相似文献1000.
We develop the concept of digital assemblages in order to advance current theorising on the ways in which information and communication technologies (ICTs) are helping to reshape work. The empirical setting is the US residential real estate industry—a ‘living laboratory’ for studying information‐intensive work and the adoption and uses of ICT. We find that real estate agents' uses of ICT are pervasive and suggest that agents now embed themselves more deeply into the transacting of real estate by actively supporting buyers and sellers, rather than acting primarily as information intermediaries. Building from this, we theorise that this ICT use can more coherently be understood as a ‘digital assemblage’ rather than a formal information system. Digital assemblages are characterised as distinct patterns of ICT collections that, in use, are functionally equivalent and structurally similar, relying on standardised and commodified ICT and are neither formally designed nor collectively governed. 相似文献