Regional policy in the EC

On December 31, 1973 ends the first phase of the gradual realisation of an economic and monetary union which the EC-states undertook to form between themselves¹. Till then the Ministerial Council will still have to take a number of basic decisions, which are regarded as essential for a succesful conclusion of the first phase.     

Schmerzen individuell behandeln

Zusammenfassung  Patientenkontrollierte Analgesie (PCA) — Nachweislich leiden viele Patienten unter postoperativen Schmerzen. Die aktuelle S3-Leitlinie (Leitlinien der h?chsten Qualit?tsstufe) fordert deshalb: „Die systemische Pharmakotherapie muss dem individuellen Schmerzempfinden des Patienten angepasst werden. Eine Standardtherapie ist nicht sinnvoll.“ Dieses PflegeKolleg ist ein gemeinsames Projekt der Redaktion Heilberufe und des Instituts für Innovation und Beratung der Evangelischen Fachhochschule Berlin – mit freundlicher Unterstützung der Janssen Cilag GmbH.     

R&D and marketing productivities from cross-sectional data: A study of German chemical corporations

Abstract
The adoption of EC-regulations in German law on annual corporate reporting has introduced two new formats for profit and loss statements. Using this newly available data from a sample of German chemical companies, production functions are estimated with sales as an output measure, and R&D and marketing as input measures. It is shown that these factors are peripheral rather than complete substitutes. Marginal productivities of the factors imply the opportunity for relative increases of R&D expenditure over marketing expenditure.     

Oil Market at a Turning Point?

Crude oil prices have fallen markedly during recent months, so much so that the OPEC countries finally took action and resolved to curb production levels. Is the oil market becoming accustomed to ongoing geopolitical risks, and are oil price developments now being more strongly determined by fundamental market data once again?