Market value effects of acquisitions involving internet firms: a resource‐based analysis

While most prior research suggests that the average change in market value of acquiring firms varies closely around zero, recent research grounded in the resource‐based view and organizational learning theory identify positive returns to acquirers. We contribute to this literature by focusing on acquisitions of Internet firms and the potential for the transfer of scarce resources. We hypothesize that acquisitions made by offline firms of Internet firms and by Internet firms of other Internet firms lead to positive market valuation for the acquirer. Results of an event study of 798 acquisitions of Internet firms provided support for these predictions. We also find that prior alliances with online firms do not reduce the gains from such acquisitions to offline firms. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Technologie, Innovation und Corporate Governance

This article shows that empirical research supports the existence of a relationship between corporate governance and technological change. This relationship can be split into two parts: a strategic choice relationship, where governance impacts technological change, and a technological imperative relationship, where the reverse can be observed. These relationships modify the direct influences of technological change as well as corporate governance on economic success. Therefore, regulators should be aware that by shaping governance structures they also affect the competitiveness of corporations. However, since not enough knowledge is available to design optimum governance systems that would fit all sorts of corporate objectives, it is argued that corporations should be allowed to choose from a pre-defined set of governance structures without having to change the location of their headquarters. The proof for the existence of the two relationships in question is marred by numerous problems of measurement and analysis. Thus, substantial research into this field is suggested.     

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Ohne Zusammenfassung     

The European influence on German consumer law

At the outset, the article compares the EC directives in the field of consumer protection and the corresponding German transposition acts which are the core of German consumer law. This is followed by a discussion on the Act against Unfair Competition (UWG) and the Standard Contract Terms Act (AGBG). Although these were not designed as consumer protection acts, they are of great importance for consumer protection, as both include the right for consumer organizations to take action.The legislator does not transpose EC directives to sections of the Civil Code (BGB), not even if there are relevant provisions in the BGB, nor does he incorporate relevant case law into transposition acts. Case law plays a very important role in consumer protection. This makes German consumer law very confusing. In a given case not only is the transposition act applicable, but also the relevant judge-made law which is based on the BGB and its general clauses and may have a different scope of application.For many years, the German legislator has not passed any bills to protect consumers apart from the transpositions of EC directives. So good news for consumers in legal matters stem only from the EC and from the courts.

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Der europäische Einflu\ auf das deutsche Verbraucherrecht

Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag geht von einer Gegenüberstellung der einschlägigen EG-Richtlinien und ihrer Umsetzung in deutsches Recht aus. Sie sind das Kernstück des deutschen Verbraucherrechts. Für den rechtlichen Verbraucherschutz sind darüber hinaus zwei Gesetze von gro\er Bedeutung, die nicht als spezifische Verbraucherschutzgesetze konzipiert sind, das UWG und das AGBG, die beide eine Verbandsklagebefugnis enthalten, die auch für Verbraucherverbände gilt.Der Gesetzgeber übernimmt Richtlinien regelmä\ig nicht ins BGB, auch wenn einschlägige Materien dort enthalten sind, und inkorporiert auch nicht von der Rechtsprechung entwickelte Regeln in die Umsetzungsgesetze. Dadurch wird das Verbraucherrecht unübersichtlich, weil neben den Umsetzungsgesetzen jeweils auch die Rechtsprechung zu beachten ist, die auf den Vorschriften des BGB und seinen Generalklauseln beruht und z.T. einen abweichenden Anwendungsbereich hat.Der deutsche Gesetzgeber verzichtet seit vielen Jahren auf eigene Anstö\e zum rechtlichen Verbraucherschutz und überlä\t dies der EG sowie den Gerichten.

     

Demand for electric vehicles in hybrid households: an exploratory analysis

Previous studies of the potential market for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) from different research streams have failed to converge on a single, robust estimate. What these previous research streams share are untested or implausible assumptions about consumer response to new transportation technology. We frame the BEV purchase decision in terms of a household's entire stock of vehicles, car purchase behavior and travel behavior. Within this framework, households which own both electric vehicles and gasoline vehicles are called ‘hybrid households’. Because nearly all consumers are unfamiliar with the characteristics of BEVs, we designed an interactive interview based on week-long travel diaries, which we call Purchase Intentions and Range Estimation Games (PIREG) to explore hypothetical hybrid household vehicle use. Our primary finding is that consumers' perceived driving range needs are substantially lower than previous hypothetical stated preference studies conclude. We find evidence of a viable market for BEVs with 60 to 100 miles driving range.