创业者因“我能”而拼凑：创业震荡的调节效应

遵循自我一致性理论和认知评价理论，引入创业目标清晰度和创业震荡（消极创业震荡和积极创业震荡），揭示创业自我效能感影响创业拼凑的内在作用机制和边界条件。基于297名创业者回溯式调查数据进行实证检验，结果发现：创业自我效能感既能直接促进创业拼凑，又能通过创业目标清晰度的中介作用产生间接促进作用；积极创业震荡能够削弱创业自我效能感对创业拼凑的驱动效应，并且通过创业目标清晰度的中介作用实现；消极创业震荡的调节效应不显著。研究结论部分解释了“面对同样的资源短缺情境，为何有些创业者积极开展创业拼凑，但有些创业者却无所事事”和“积极创业者在何种情境下会开展更多创业拼凑”等问题。     

浅谈市政给排水工程施工质量管理

市政给排水工程是城市运转、人民生活有秩序的基础保障,加强市政给排水工程的质量管理具有重要的意义,市政给排水工程的质量好坏对城市给排水、平稳渡过汛期、防止内涝都有直接的影响,只有采取合理的施工技术和管理方法,才能避免各种低质量问题,最终确保市政给排水工程的质量。     

财务管理创新探析

在建立现代企业制度进程中必须强化财务管理,明确财务管理目标,全面实施财务预算管理;建立控制标准,加强成本管理;树立以人为本的理财观念;强化风险管理.     

EPON技术原理与应用

本文介绍了EPON技术原理,对EPON中的技术细节进行简单描述,体现了EPON这种接入技术的特点。随后将EPON应用模型按小区、工业区、商业街区和边远地区几种接入方式进行说明。     

The role of autoregressive conditional skewness and kurtosis in the estimation of conditional VaR

This paper investigates the role of high-order moments in the estimation of conditional value at risk (VaR). We use the skewed generalized t distribution (SGT) with time-varying parameters to provide an accurate characterization of the tails of the standardized return distribution. We allow the high-order moments of the SGT density to depend on the past information set, and hence relax the conventional assumption in conditional VaR calculation that the distribution of standardized returns is iid. The maximum likelihood estimates show that the time-varying conditional volatility, skewness, tail-thickness, and peakedness parameters of the SGT density are statistically significant. The in-sample and out-of-sample performance results indicate that the conditional SGT-GARCH approach with autoregressive conditional skewness and kurtosis provides very accurate and robust estimates of the actual VaR thresholds.     

The pricing of foreign currency options under jump‐diffusion processes

In this article, the authors derive explicit formulas for European foreign exchange (FX) call and put option values when the exchange rate dynamics are governed by jump‐diffusion processes. The authors use a simple general equilibrium international asset pricing model with continuous trading and frictionless international capital markets. The domestic and foreign price level are introduced as state variables that contain jumps caused by monetary shocks and catastrophic events such as 9/11 or Hurricane Katrina. The domestic and foreign interest rates are stochastic and endogenously determined in the model and are shown to be critically affected by the jump risk of the foreign exchange. The model shows that the behavior of FX options is affected through the impact of state variables and parameters on the nominal interest rates. The model contrasts with those of M. Garman and S. Kohlhagen (1983) and O. Grabbe (1983), whose models have exogenously determined interest rates. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 27:669–695, 2007     

美国中小企业信用担保体系建设经验及启示

建立信用担保体系,为小微企业、"三农"主体提供增信和分险服务,引导金融活水源源不断流入实体经济,是各国扶持中小企业的通行做法。美国信用担保体系的发展经历了较长时间的积淀,形成颇具特色的运作模式。本文通过系统梳理美国信用担保体系,分析美国模式的特点,并总结提炼对中国信用担保体系建设的相关启示。     

Entry threat,entry delay,and Internet speed: The timing of the U.S. broadband rollout

In a rapidly growing industry, potential entrants strategically choose which local markets to enter. Facing the threat of additional entrants, a potential entrant may lower its expectation of future profits and delay entry into a local market, or it may accelerate entry due to preemptive motives. Using the evolution of local market structures of broadband Internet service providers from 1999 to 2007, we find that the former effect dominates the latter after allowing for spatial correlation across markets and accounting for endogenous market structure. On average, it takes 2 years longer for threatened markets to receive their first broadband entrant. Moreover, this entry delay has long‐run negative implications for the divergence of the U.S. broadband infrastructure: 1 year of entry delay translates into an 11% decrease on average present‐day download speeds.     

No one left behind: how social distance affects life-saving decision making

Extant research on social distance and decision-making under risk has mostly focused on how people reach different decisions for themselves than others under the same circumstances. This research adds to this literature by studying how the social distance between the decision-maker and people in danger influences risk preference in life-saving domain. We found that decision-makers tend to be more risk-seeking when the lives of close others are at stake than distant others regardless of whether the situation is framed in terms of loss or gain. However, the effect of social distance on risk preference was eliminated when it was the responsibility of the decision-makers rather than the chance to pick the potential victims to save. By analyzing the shape of value function, we provided preliminary evidence for the hypothesis that decision-makers engage in feeling-based evaluation when close others’ lives are at stake but calculation-based evaluation when distant others’ lives are at stake, which could account for the effect of social distance on risk preference documented in this research. A final experiment yielded direct evidence that evaluation mode mediates the relationship between social distance and risk preference.     

欧美成人教育对我国成人教育发展的启示

成人教育是我国教育事业的重要组成部分，是当代社会经济发展和科学技术进步的必要条件。通过查阅相关资料可以看出，西方发达国家的成人教育及其管理确实有着过人之处，他们积累了很多优秀的治学经验。通过学习他们的先进方法和理念，对我国的成人教育发展也起到了很好的促进作用。就中国国情而言，政府及教育行政部门的重视、关心、决策、管理、协调、监督及各种政策措施，将对推进成人高等教育起到重要作用。