The employment effects of tariffs under a free exchange rate regime: A monetary approach

This paper develops a ‘monetary’ approach for the analysis of tariff policy under a free (flexible) exchange rate regime. The paper concludes that the imposition of a tariff unambiguously causes a deterioration in the level of employment under free rates even without a Laursen-Metzler effect on saving.     

夫妻共同持股、公司治理与家族企业社会责任

婚姻和家庭关系可以通过家庭成员的嵌入而深刻影响家族企业的公司治理及战略决策。文章采用手工搜集的2010-2018年中国A股上市家族企业实际控制人及其配偶持股数据,检验了夫妻共同持股的治理模式对家族企业社会责任的影响。结果发现：相比丈夫单独持股企业,夫妻共同持股家族企业的社会责任表现更差,其CSR总得分与CSR评级均显著更低。机制检验表明,夫妻共同持股时,双方家族成员会更多的介入企业经营治理并担任董监高职务、企业内部控制质量更差、大股东利益侵占更加严重,低效的公司治理水平抑制了家族企业的社会责任表现。文章结论在采用工具变量法、PSM、安慰剂检验、实际控制人婚变等一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立。文章研究表明女性“她力量”未能在家族企业社会责任领域发挥决定性作用。     

企业绩效、财务资源与战略风险——对鲍曼悖论及财务资源调节效应的实证分析

鲍曼悖论———跨企业绩效与战略风险负相关,是战略管理研究领域的经典谜题,自20世纪80年代提出以来引发了众多学者持续的研究和争论。文章选取国内937家民营上市公司作为样本,结合前景理论、行为理论以及资源基础理论,通过构建二次回归模型探讨了跨企业战略风险与绩效之间的关系,以及财务资源配置对二者关系的调节作用。研究结果显示,我国民营上市公司绩效与战略风险之间呈现正U型曲线关系;财务资源配置负向调节绩效与战略风险的相关关系。     

Do Interest Rate Liberalization and Fintech Mix? Impact on Shadow Deposits in China

In this paper we attempt to characterize the stability of shadow deposits in China with interest rate liberalization and fintech developments. We emphasize that shadow banks provide higher but riskier returns and such characteristics affect the stability of shadow deposits. In our setting, the stability of shadow deposits is influenced by two offsetting effects, namely: the patience effect, which makes investors more willing to wait because of the potentially higher returns; and the uncertainty effect, which makes investors more likely to withdraw as a result of higher risk. Under liberalized interest rates, the patience effect will erode and the uncertainty effect will be heightened because the post‐liberalization higher return of traditional banks undermines the importance of the extra return of shadow deposits to depositors, while preserving the importance of the risk aspect. Fintech development is modeled as a reduction in the withdrawal cost that facilitates runs. This affects the stability of shadow deposits because of their wider fintech reliance. Regulators should be cautious in pushing interest rate liberalization and fintech application alongside building a safety net for shadow banking.     

Government Spending Efficiency on Economic Growth: Roles of Value-added Tax

This study examines the impact of government spending efficiency on the economic growth of 115 countries with value-added tax (VAT) system. We seek to examine the moderating role of the VAT system on the relationship between public spending efficiency and the economic growth. Using Generalized Method of Moments estimation based on two-step estimate, we found (1) government spending efficiency promotes economic growth, (2) the VAT system is found to enhance the effect of an efficient government spending on the economic growth and (3) the moderating role of the VAT system is further enhanced by quality of democracy and legislative strength of the government.     

Foreign Direct Investment Inflows and Intellectual Property Rights: Empirical Evidence from Different Income Groups

This study examines the impact of intellectual property rights (IPRs) on Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows by considering global data with three income groups classified by World Bank (i.e. high-, middle-, and low-income groups). The empirical model relates FDI inflows to IPRs, controlled by a set of known variables, namely GDP per capital, trade openness, real exchange rate, and real interest rate. The study covers panel data of between 35 and 100 countries for the period 1980–2014. The panel cointegration tests suggest that FDI inflow and IPRs with the other control variables are cointegrated for full countries and high-income group. Their estimated (long-run) coefficients are 0.04 and 0.18, respectively, but insignificant in the short-run. The impact (short-run) of TRIPS agreement is positive for full countries, but negative for low-income group. Non-causality tests further support the role of IPRs on FDI. Various transmission channels have been identified, in particularly for low-income countries. This study enlightens policymakers about the policy on creating a conducive and sustainable environment for IPRs in order to encourage FDI inflows to their countries.     

巴拉圭农村小额保险介绍

小额保险是为农村和城市低收入人群提供的一种简易保险,发展小额保险不仅可以加强低收入群体的保障水平,有效弥补社会保险的不足,而且能够减轻政府负担,加速国民经济的发展。本文在项目启动、投保机制、资金来源、保险利益以及风险管理等方面介绍了巴拉圭的农村小额保险产品(SI项目)。     

Estimating Firm Behavior under Rationing: a Panel Data Study of the Chinese Manufacturing Industry

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of rationing on firm behavior. A virtual price approach is adopted to derive the rationed elasticities of variable input demands and output supply under a translog profit function. To illustrate the difference between the rationed and unrationed elasticities, we conduct an analysis using a firm-level annual survey data of China over the period 1985–88. Our estimation results indicate that the values of most elasticities would have been affected significantly if the government had imposed rationing on material inputs. The behavior of Chinese firms would have been seriously distorted in a complicated way. The firms would have over-responded to market signals in making some of their input or output decisions and, at the same time, might have under-reacted, or would have not changed their reaction, in making the other input or output decisions, under a rationing regime.     

政府在香港发展中的角色与作用

香港殖民地政府将1949年后的香港经济成长和社会发展奇迹解释为政府有效施政的结果.本文表明,港英政府在很长一段时期都没有清晰的社会政策和产业政策,公共支出亦缺乏明确的政策原则和取向.香港经济的自由放任、积极不干预性质都只是政府被动施政的结果,跨境加工贸易体系的发展主要源于外部因素的推动.到20世纪80年代,港英政府实施了取消金融市场管制的消极产业政策,导致了香港经济金融房地产化.由于缺乏积极的工业政策,香港的跨境加工贸易体系很难转型,最终只会剩下金融房地产化的产业和日趋单一的经济结构.     

产业结构升级背景下流动人口就业结构调整研究——以上海市为例

1990年以来,上海市产业结构战略性调整成果初显。随着产业结构的进一步升级,流动人口就业行业、职业分布相对集中,二、三产业就业人口中以低层次就业为主等问题日益突出。本文在分析上海市产业结构升级对流动人口就业影响的基础上,针对目前流动人口文化素质水平与产业结构升级的人才需求不匹配、就业结构制约产业升级以及劳动力市场不完善的问题提出了积极的应对策略。