Tax Riots

This paper considers an optimal taxation environment where household income is private information, and the government randomly audits and punishes households found to be underreporting. We prove that the optimal mechanism derived using standard mechanism design techniques has a bad equilibrium (a tax riot) where households underreport their incomes, precisely because other households are expected to do so as well. We then consider three alternative approaches to designing a tax scheme when one is worried about bad equilibria.     

The Important Thing Is Not (Always) Winning but Taking Part: Funding Public Goods with Contests

This paper considers a public good game with heterogeneous endowments and incomplete information affected by extreme free riding. I overcome this problem through the implementation of a deterministic contest in which several prizes may be awarded. I identify a monotone equilibrium, in which the contribution is strictly increasing in the endowment. I prove that it is optimal for the social planner to set the last prize equal to zero, but otherwise total expected contribution is invariant to the prize structure. Finally, I show that private provision via a contest Pareto‐dominates public provision and is higher than the total contribution raised through a lottery.     

Do Market‐based Indicators Anticipate Rating Agencies? Evidence for International Banks

This paper analyses the ability of credit default swap (CDS) spreads, bond spreads and stock prices to anticipate the decisions of the main rating agencies, regarding the largest international banks. Conditional on negative rating events, all the three indicators show significant abnormal changes before both announcements of review and actual credit rating changes, but rating actions still seem to convey new information to the market. Results for positive rating events are less clear‐cut with the market indicators generally showing abnormal behaviours only in conjunction with the events. As for the predictive power of the financial indicators examined, the CDS market is particularly useful for negative events and stock prices for positive events. However, all indicators also send many false signals and are to be interpreted with care.     

废旧家电回收站选址问题的多目标满意优化方法

为促进废旧家电回收利用,提出一种基于多目标满意规划的废旧家电回收站选址方法。考虑到回收企业和家电用户对回收站选址的不同要求,建立了追求企业总费用最小化和用户综合运送满意度最大化的多目标满意规划模型。该模型可以确定回收站的开设位置及其服务用户,有助于保护用户运送废旧家电的积极性。为便于模型应用,给出了基于满意优化理论的模型解算方法,通过实验验证了模型和算法的有效性。在实验过程中,比较了分别利用儿何平均式和算术平均式表达用户综合运送满意度的模型解算结果,结果表明,几何平均式更有利于废旧家电的足量回收。     

PROFIBUS现场总线在空压站中的应用

PROFIBUS现场总线凭借其自身的优势,在自动化控制领域得到广泛应用。文章介绍了基于PROFIBUS的空压站系统结构,并详细讨论了自动控制的实现方法。     

马恩列斯对马克思主义大众化的探索

马克思主义大众化是马克思主义的本质要求。马恩在创立自己理论的同时,始终注意向工人阶级和广大群众宣传和灌输自己的理论,包括明确提出了“灌输论”的观点,亲自为无产阶级政党起草文件并注重宣传灌输方式的多样性等。列宁在发展马克思主义、创立列宁主义的实践中,也注重推动马克思主义的大众化,包括进一步丰富发展了“灌输论”思想,形成了马克思主义理论教育思想并始终坚持理论联系实际的原则。斯大林在继承列宁事业、领导苏联社会主义建设的实践中,也十分重视对马克思列宁主义的研究和宣传,对推进马克思主义大众化作出了积极的努力。     

Monetary Policy and Stock Prices in an Open Economy

This paper studies monetary policy in a two-country model where agents can invest their wealth in both stock and bond markets. In our economy the foreign country hosts the only active equity market where also residents of the home country can trade stocks of listed foreign firms. We show that, in order to achieve price stability, the Central Banks in both countries should grant a dedicated response to movements in stock prices driven by relative productivity shocks. Determinacy of rational expectations equilibria and approximation of the Wicksellian interest rate policy by simple monetary policy rules are also investigated.     

旅游表演专业教学中"首调唱名法"初探

视唱练耳课不能一概而论，要根据其差异区别对待。“首调唱名法”的科学性决定了它在旅游表演专业中应用的必然性。从唱名法的科学性，应用的必然性及学习“首调唱名法”在教学及旅游表演中的应用策略3个方面进行了阐述。     

JOINT PRODUCTION AND GRAVITATION

This paper considers the problem of determining the new systemof production that will be utilised when, starting with a givenset of methods of production, a new set becomes available whichis more profitable than the original. The question is examinedin the context of joint production and seeks to model the processof gravitation to a new system of production in order to providean answer to the question of which system will be used.