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991.
For Poisson inverse Gaussian regression models, it is very complicated to obtain the influence measures based on the traditional
method, because the associated likelihood function involves intractable expressions, such as the modified Bessel function.
In this paper, the EM algorithm is employed as a basis to derive diagnostic measures for the models by treating them as a mixed Poisson regression
with the weights from the inverse Gaussian distributions. Several diagnostic measures are obtained in both case-deletion model
and local influence analysis, based on the conditional expectation of the complete-data log-likelihood function in the EM algorithm. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the results. 相似文献
992.
In this paper, we consider that the working environment has certain states, and in every state, the parameters of quality
characteristics are different. Thus, if we set the characteristics parameters in a specified state, these parameters will
change to another state. To describe this situation, we use a mixture of normal distributions, which comprise a flexible and
powerful statistical-based modeling tool in practice. Under the step loss function and the piecewise linear loss function,
we select the optimal means for the proposed manufacturing process. 相似文献
993.
Patrick M. Bernet Michael D. Rosko Vivian G. Valdmanis Anatoly Pilyavsky William E. Aaronson 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2008,29(2):103-111
Ukraine’s recent elections revealed deep divisions between eastern regions, which favored central economic planning, and western
regions, which preferred more free market reforms. This study compares polyclinics in Ukraine to see if the inflexibility
of Soviet-style planned economies results in lower economic efficiency in eastern regions. Using data from two geopolitical
regions, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) scores for polyclinic efficiencies are modeled as a function of demographic and economic
determinants. Surprisingly, results indicate that polyclinics in western Ukraine are less efficient. Possible explanations,
including case mix intensity, responsiveness to local preferences, physician entrepreneurial behavior and a legacy of inequitable
funding, are discussed.
相似文献
Vivian G. ValdmanisEmail: |
994.
The study analyses technical efficiency and efficiency change of 193 community hospitals and polyclinics across Ukraine, for
the years 1997–2001. These facilities are a subset of the medical institutions in rural Ukraine; they are identical w.r.t.
their function in the health system and share the same departmental structure. The data comprise the number of beds in the
hospitals, the number of staff employed in the hospitals as well as the polyclinics connected to the hospitals, the number
of inpatient and outpatient admissions as well as the number of surgical procedures, lab tests, X-rays performed and the number
of deaths and deaths after surgery. Because of the known sensitivity of traditional nonparametric frontier estimators to outlier
observations, we employ an order-m estimator, a robust technique, to assess the efficiency of these health care providers as well as changes of their productivity
time. The efficiency scores are calculated with an output-oriented model; they are close to unity for hospitals whereas polyclinics
seem somewhat less efficient. The Malmquist-indices averaged over all observations are close to unity indicating that productivity
does not change over during our observation period. But, depending on the period and the region, substantial deviations from
unity can be observed.
相似文献
Matthias StaatEmail: |
995.
Products of random variables are of both practical and theoretical significance to social scientists. This has increased the
need to have available the widest possible range of statistical results on products of random variables. In this note, the
distribution of the product XY is derived when X and Y are independent Fréchet random variables. Extensive tabulations of the associated percentage points are also given. 相似文献
996.
David C. Hyland 《Journal of Economics and Finance》2008,32(3):294-310
The corporate diversification literature presents a puzzle. Short-horizon event studies report positive abnormal returns around
the announcement of a diversifying event, while studies that examine diversified firms find evidence that diversified firms
are worth less than specialized firms (a diversification discount). If diversification is value destroying, perhaps the destruction
occurs over longer periods than have been previously tested. This paper tests the hypothesis that diversifying firms have
negative long-run abnormal performance following diversification by examining a sample of specialized firms that have a diversifying
event from 1978 through 1998. The firms are tracked for up to five years past their diversification year. There is evidence
that value is destroyed for small firms that diversify but enhanced for larger firms that diversify.
相似文献
David C. HylandEmail: |
997.
Ajesh George Margaret H. Vickers Lesley Wilkes Belinda Barton 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2008,20(3):165-176
This paper shares some pertinent findings from an initial, qualitative stage of a larger, national study currently being undertaken
in Australia, exploring the support needs of parents who are working full time and caring for a child with chronic illness.
The findings presented here depict the negative impact of these parents caring responsibilities on their work life and the
increased stress they experience trying to maintain full time employment. In-depth interviews revealed how these parents had
to rearrange their working hours, use up their leave entitlements, work unsatisfactory hours, sacrifice their careers and
even change their jobs in order to balance their dual roles. In addition, the findings also highlight the negative and unsupportive
attitude that employers had towards these parents. These employment conditions were extremely stressful and frustrating for
parents affecting their physical and emotional well being. 相似文献
998.
Paul Schweinzer 《Review of Economic Design》2008,12(2):119-127
We consider a Rothschild–Stiglitz–Spence labour market model and employ a centralised mechanism to coordinate the efficient
matching of workers to firms. This mechanism can be thought of as operated by a recruitment agency, an employment office or
head hunter. In a centralised descending-bid, multi-item procurement auction, workers submit wage-bids for each job and are
assigned stable jobs as equilibrium outcome. We compare this outcome to independent, sequential hiring by firms and conclude
that, in general, a stable assignment can only be implemented if firms coordinate to some extent.
相似文献
999.
We survey and assess the empirical literature on the sources of corruption Thanks to the improved availability of data, we
are able to produce an improved cross-country econometric model to test well-established and more recent hypotheses jointly.
We do not find that the common law system, or a past as a British colony predicts corruption. Our results support cultural
theories on the causes of corruption, and suggest that a medium-long exposure to uninterrupted democracy is associated with
lower corruption levels, while political instability tends to raise corruption. Our results also suggest that the diffusion
of newspapers helps to lower corruption levels.
相似文献
1000.
We here critique the articles by Dmitruk & Koshevoy (1991, J Econ Theory 55:121–144) and by Bol (1986, J Econ Theory 38:380–385)
by showing how to solve the examples they erected to show the non-existence of functions for evaluating performance efficiencies
in DEA. We also show that functions satisfying these criteria—and other important criteria as well—were already available
prior to the publications of D&K and by Bol and have since been greatly extended to increase the power and scope of DEA.
相似文献
J. ZhuEmail: |