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281.
This study compares the performance of the ISD, the GARCH (1,1) , the historical volatility estimates and of two lagged trading volume measures for predicting the Swiss Stock Market Index's (SMI) volatility. The ISD has a superior daily informational content than the GARCH (1,1) estimate and retains unbiased but decreasing explanatory power over up to 20 days ahead horizons. Mean and spread daily volume measures play a significant correcting role when forecasting stock market volatility over daily and longer intervals respectively and clearly dominate the GARCH (1,1) forecasts. Their significance emphasises heterogeneous horizon traders' influence on the SMI volatility time series properties 相似文献
282.
This paper analyzes the role of retaliation in trade agreements. It shows that, in the presence of private information, retaliation can always be used to increase the welfare derived from such agreements by the participating governments. In particular, it is shown that retaliation is a necessary feature of any efficient equilibrium.We argue that retaliation would not be necessary if governments could resort to international transfers or export subsidies to compensate for terms-of-trade externalities. Within the current world trading system, though, in which transfers are seldom observed whereas export subsidies are prohibited, the use of the remaining trade instruments in a retaliatory fashion might be optimal. The model is used to interpret the retaliatory use of antidumping observed in the last decades, and the proliferation of these measures relative to other trade remedies. 相似文献
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284.
Martin Falk 《Managerial and Decision Economics》2009,30(8):529-538
This paper compares the efficiency of large ski resort conglomerates with independent ski resorts using data on four countries (Canada, France, United States, Switzerland). Using the stochastic frontier production approach, I find that ski resorts that are owned and managed by the Intrawest group are significantly more efficient than independent ski resorts. The efficiency gap is about nine percentage points on average. The remaining ski resort conglomerates (American Skiing, Vail Resorts Inc., and Compagnie des Alpes SA) do not operate more efficiently than independent ski resorts. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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286.
O. Lange K. H. Stephans J. Tinbergen K. Bode W. Röpke F. Martin R. Kamitz A. Mahr E. Preiser R. Stucken O. Frh. v. Mering E. Kauder E. Fossati P. Mombert E. Egner E. S. Mason K. Forchheimer F. Engel-Janosi M. Lederer 《Journal of Economics》1935,6(3):394-430
Ohne ZusammenfassungAus dem Italienischen übersetzt von Erich Allina, Wien.Aus dem Englischen übersetzt von Erich Allina, Wien 相似文献
287.
Martin F. Hellwig 《Journal of Economic Theory》2007,136(1):446-475
The paper extends the Holmström-Milgrom [B. Holmström, P. Milgrom, Aggregation and linearity in the provision of intertemporal incentives, Econometrica 55 (1987) 303-328] analysis of intertemporal incentive provision to allow for the implementation of actions on the boundary of the feasible set. Boundary actions provide the principal with some freedom in choosing incentive schemes. This can be used to reduce premia. The paper characterizes optimal incentive schemes for the continuous-time Brownian-motion model and its discrete-time approximations. Linearity of incentive schemes in “accounts” is confirmed. However, for models with effort costs depending only on mean returns, the availability of boundary actions destroys the linearity of optimal incentive schemes in profits. 相似文献
288.
Public services in the UK are increasingly expected to account for their outputs and performance. This article describes a retrospective evaluation of the benefits from the R&D funded by a regional office of the NHS Executive. The methods adopted enabled the various elements of the region's R&D portfolio to be examined and provided a basis for the development of a plan for regular monitoring. The proposals for implementation are now also feeding into a debate as to how health services R&D might best be monitored nationally in a way that is compatible with the norms and practices of research in other contexts. 相似文献
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Disagreement on appropriate policies to reduce the American balance of payments deficit has been a major source of friction between the US, on the one hand, and the Federal Republic of Germany and Japan, on the other. Against this background Professor Bronfenbrenner Presents a theoretical analysis of how deficit countries may proceed to solve their problems, passing on to point out, in terms of this general analysis, what the US is doing and what Germany and Japan would like it to do.
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