CRIME AND POVERTY: A SEARCH‐THEORETIC APPROACH*

Numerous studies document that criminal activity is positively related to unemployment and negatively related to educational attainment levels within given communities. We study this phenomenon in the context of a search‐equilibrium model, in which agents choose between formal employment and pursuing crime‐related activities (theft). Prior to their “occupational choices,” agents undertake costly schooling, raising their productivity. Crime acts, in essence, as a tax on human capital by affecting the probability that a worker's earnings (possessions) are subsequently appropriated. There are multiple equilibria. High crime, low levels of educational attainment, long spells of unemployment, and poverty are correlated across them.     

科技园区发展中的金融支持

一、世界科技园区的成功经验借鉴硅谷与世界上其它科技园区的一个很大不同在于它是自发形成的一个高技术发源地和集聚地,而不是由政府主导创办起来的。在硅谷的发展过程中,风险投资自始至终都起到了不可替代的重要作用。在20世纪50～60年代,硅谷主要靠军事研究经费和国防采购支     

The Contingent Value of Responsive and Proactive Market Orientations for New Product Program Performance*

While the benefits of being market oriented are largely accepted, a group of scholars and managers remain skeptical. Marketing scholars have sought to counter the criticisms leveled against market orientation (MO) by arguing that it has both responsive and proactive dimensions. However, few studies have empirically examined the complexity of the effects of these dimensions on firm performance. Drawing on theories of resource‐based advantage and organizational search behavior, this article advances understanding by arguing that responsive and proactive market orientations have curvilinear effects on product development performance, that their interaction may be positively related to product development performance, and that their effects on new product program performance are moderated differentially by the organizational implementation conditions and marketing function power. Survey results of 175 U.S. firms indicate support for most of the hypotheses. Specifically, whereas responsive MO has a U‐shaped relationship with new product program performance, proactive MO has an inverted U‐shaped relationship with new product program performance. Contrary to the arguments presented here, the interaction of both orientations is negatively related to new product program performance. This study finds that both orientations are needed; however, new product program performance is enhanced when one is at higher level and the other is at lower level. Finally, responsive MO is only positively related to new product program performance under specific conditions such as when strategic consensus among managers is high. On the other hand, the positive effect of proactive MO on new product program performance is further strengthened when learning orientation and marketing power are high. Overall, this study suggests that the effects of responsive and proactive MO on new product program performance are more complex than previously theoretically argued and empirically examined.     

南通市废旧轮胎回收利用现状的思考

橡胶作为高分子材料,具有高弹性的特征,被广泛用于国民经济的各个领域.随着经济的快速发展,我国于2002年首次超过美国而成为世界橡胶消耗第一大国(见表1).随着橡胶制品的大量使用,废橡胶产生量也同步增长,这给废橡胶的综合利用带来了新的挑战和机遇.废橡胶的主要来源是废旧轮胎,占废旧橡胶来源总量的70%以上;其次是废旧橡胶制品,占20%以上.过去一直被视作"黑色污染"的废旧橡胶,伴随着循环经济的发展,其再利用价值为社会各界所关注.     

改进会风和文风,中船集团公司召开视频会议通报2001年工作情况部署2002年工作要点——中船集团公司2001年几项主要生产经营指标取得重大突破

在这辞旧迎新,新世纪的第一年即将过去,新的一年就要到来之际,中船集团公司运用现代化信息技术手段——新近建成的数字化视频会议系统,召开了别开生面的一次工作会议。会议通过北京主会场和设在外地的几个分会场,向全集团通报了2001年工作情况,部署了2002年工作要点。这是该集团认真实践“三个代表”的要求,贯彻党的十五届六中全会关于精简会议和文件,改进会风和文风精神而采取的一个实际行动。     

适应煤炭市场需求搞好路港协调配合

在国民经济持续快速发展、煤炭需求稳步提高的新形势下,大秦线与秦皇岛煤港应继续通过扩能建设、完善准班轮运输以及路港联合办公机制等,以求得共同发展,更好地满足国民经济建设和社会发展的需要.     

中国制造业上市公司多元化经营与企业价值研究

上市公司多元化溢价或折价问题一直是学术界研究的焦点,本文选取上市的704家制造企业作为样本空间对这一问题进行分析,发现定性上可以认为多元化有利于企业价值的提升,但是在定量上来看这种提升无法通过显著性检验,而且不同的衡量多元化的指标与不同的衡量企业价值的指标之间得出的结论很可能不同,因此如何选取相应的衡量指标应该是相关研究的首要问题。     

贷款保证研究综述

一、贷款保证与信息不对称理论1.信贷市场上的信息不对称。信息不对称是信贷市场的基本特征之一,银行对借款人私人信息的掌握程度决定了贷款发放的安全性大小。信息不对称对信贷市场的影响主要体现为两个方面:一是事前的信息不对称。借贷双方对私人信息占有量的差异,导致了银行     

“中国龙”海外“觅食”

并购：中国龙加快海外征程 中国国家发改委副主任张国宝在美国新奥尔良参加一个国际能源会议时表示：“散布‘中国威胁论’以阻止中国发展，进而使中国无法满足对能源需求，是不符合世界稳定与发展的。这样的企图注定将以失败收场。”这番话是针对6月22日美国一些政客企图阻挠中海油以185亿美元现金收购美国一家中型石油公司尤尼科而言的。     

对企业多元化战略的分析与思考

多元化战略是指在现有业务领域之上增加新的产品或业务的经营领域,是向本行业以外发展、扩大业务范围。多元化战略最初是由安索夫在20世纪50年代提出的。此后,特别是70年代,多元化战略风靡一时。据资料表明,1970年美国最大的500家工业公司中,有94%的公司在从事多元化;同一时期,日本制造业中有74%的企业、商业服务业中有58%的企业实行多元化经营;英国最大的100家企业中,从事单一部门生产的企业仅占1%,在德、法、意3国中,这一比例分别为22%、16%、10%;全世界最大的50家石油公司中,有46家实行多元化经营……企业发展到一定阶段,要想保持或进一…