全文获取类型
收费全文 | 19717篇 |
免费 | 580篇 |
国内免费 | 13篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 3504篇 |
工业经济 | 1551篇 |
计划管理 | 3412篇 |
经济学 | 4281篇 |
综合类 | 342篇 |
运输经济 | 175篇 |
旅游经济 | 392篇 |
贸易经济 | 3536篇 |
农业经济 | 972篇 |
经济概况 | 2094篇 |
邮电经济 | 51篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 125篇 |
2020年 | 227篇 |
2019年 | 321篇 |
2018年 | 416篇 |
2017年 | 460篇 |
2016年 | 444篇 |
2015年 | 311篇 |
2014年 | 478篇 |
2013年 | 1976篇 |
2012年 | 589篇 |
2011年 | 617篇 |
2010年 | 597篇 |
2009年 | 656篇 |
2008年 | 656篇 |
2007年 | 620篇 |
2006年 | 538篇 |
2005年 | 519篇 |
2004年 | 468篇 |
2003年 | 481篇 |
2002年 | 430篇 |
2001年 | 425篇 |
2000年 | 419篇 |
1999年 | 384篇 |
1998年 | 380篇 |
1997年 | 388篇 |
1996年 | 387篇 |
1995年 | 329篇 |
1994年 | 332篇 |
1993年 | 351篇 |
1992年 | 325篇 |
1991年 | 306篇 |
1990年 | 284篇 |
1989年 | 252篇 |
1988年 | 210篇 |
1987年 | 226篇 |
1986年 | 237篇 |
1985年 | 349篇 |
1984年 | 361篇 |
1983年 | 332篇 |
1982年 | 302篇 |
1981年 | 293篇 |
1980年 | 271篇 |
1979年 | 270篇 |
1978年 | 198篇 |
1977年 | 195篇 |
1976年 | 173篇 |
1975年 | 136篇 |
1974年 | 126篇 |
1973年 | 125篇 |
1972年 | 88篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Servitization requires an important strategic shift to drive changes in the operations of manufacturing firms. Using a large-scale survey, the purpose of this paper is (1) to build and validate an operations strategy model of servitization confirming previous case study findings on servitization as a strategic action and (2) to explore the role of sustainability pressures in, and the sustainability performance effects of, pursuing service-based operations strategies. To reach these objectives, a dataset including the responses of 735 manufacturing plants from 21 different countries is analyzed using the PLS-SEM method. The results indicate that the sustainability pressures of stakeholders can push manufacturers to adopt a service-based operations strategy, materializing in the provision of both basic (product-oriented) and advanced (customer-oriented) services (BAS and ADS). Our analysis further indicates that while offering BAS is a precondition for ADS provision, only ADS can offer a competitive edge for manufacturers, both in terms of service and sustainability-related operational performance. 相似文献
22.
This study explores relationships between race, gender, agreeableness, openness to experience, contact, and a measure of attitudes toward diversity—universal‐diverse orientation (UDO). UDO consists of three attitudinal components: realistic appreciation (a cognition), comfort with difference (a feeling), and diversity of contact (a behavior). Results suggest that race, agreeableness, and openness relate to UDO attitudes, primarily due to the relationships of these variables with the behavioral component—diversity of contact. Identifying characteristics of tolerant people (e.g., agreeableness) and training managers in skills related to those characteristics may improve contextual performance and make managers better role models within the organizational context. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
23.
Alexandra L. Minicozzi 《Journal of Applied Econometrics》2003,18(3):291-314
Based on intergenerational data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, I provide estimates of income mobility across generations for men. Special attention is paid to issues of censoring caused by a son's unemployment. Employing non‐parametric bounds estimates, I illustrate that previous income mobility estimates rely heavily on (unjustified) assumptions of exogenous selection. Assuming a son's potential income is instead a function of his reason for unemployment and work history, I re‐estimate mobility. Allowing for sampling variability, the range of feasible slopes consistent with these modified bounds restrictions is 0.27 to 0.55. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
24.
The paper uses MULTIMOD to examine the implications of uncertain exchange rate pass‐through for the conduct of monetary policy. From the policymaker's perspective, uncertainty about exchange rate pass‐through implies uncertainty about policy multipliers and the impact of state variables on stabilization objectives. When faced with uncertainty about the strength of exchange rate pass‐through, policymakers will make less costly errors by overestimating the strength of pass‐through rather than underestimating it. The analysis suggests that pass‐through uncertainty of the magnitude considered does not result in efficient policy response coefficients that are smaller than those under certainty. 相似文献
25.
As educators in the field of risk management and insurance, we see know- ledge of risk management and insurance as a core business function. However, some colleagues and students see insurance as cold-call sales or companies with a lot of money that continue to raise their prices. So we have to find ways to make our public aware of the usefulness of risk management and insurance in the business world and in private life and of the opportunities that having such knowledge presents to all business majors and business people. One method that is beginning to show dramatic improvements in at least our students' perceptions of the field and the major involves industry-sponsored game nights. While not an academic endeavor nor strictly risk management education, we believe the idea provides a useful tool for opening students' eyes to the need for knowledge of risk management and insurance and of the opportunities that are available in the insurance industry and its related fields. This article discusses the history of such an event at Appalachian State Univer- sity, the current status of the North Carolina Surplus Lines Association (NCSLA) event, and the benefits of the event. 相似文献
26.
L. Zhang Simon X. B. Zhao J. P. Tian 《International journal of urban and regional research》2003,27(4):912-937
This article focuses on the housing issues of rural migrants arising from urbanization, with particular reference to chengzhongcun, a topic with considerable impact on policymaking. An attempt is made to understand the underlying rationale of self‐help in housing and the important role of chengzhongcun in sheltering rural migrants in the context of China's rural‐urban dichotomy. As demonstrated in this study, chengzhongcun accommodate, with little in the way of government resources and assistance, millions of rural migrants because of their social accessibility and affordability. While not denying their social problems, we argue that chengzhongcun in fact act as an innovative and positive agent to promote urbanization in present day China by housing massive numbers of rural migrants and assimilating them into cities. Current government policies towards chengzhongcun have generated a wide range of interest conflicts and confrontations. The consequences of such conflicts show that the government policies were problematic and unworkable, as they violated basic market principles as well as citizen rights. Policy strategy towards the redevelopment of chengzhongcun must acknowledge their credibility in the Chinese road to urbanization and requires more thoughtful and prudent consideration of migrants' demands for affordable housing. 相似文献
27.
28.
The effects of unit non-response on survey errors are of great concern to researchers.However, direct assessment of non-response bias in survey estimates is rarely possible.Attempts are often made to adjust for the effects of non-response by weighting, but thisusually relies on the use of frame data or external population data, which are at bestmodestly correlated with the survey variables. This paper reports the development ofa method to collect limited survey data from non-respondents to personal interviewsurveys and a large-scale field test of the method on the British Crime Survey (BCS).The method is shown to be acceptable and low cost, to provide valid data, and to haveno detrimental effect on the main survey. The use of the resultant data to estimatenon-response bias is illustrated and some substantive conclusions are drawn for the BCS. 相似文献
29.
Equilibrium Investment Strategies and Output Price Behavior: A Real-Options Approach 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
The effects of competitive interactions on investment decisionsand on the dynamics of the price of a nonstorable commodityare studied in a model of incremental investment with time tobuild and operating flexibility. I find that an increase inuncertainty may encourage firms to increase their capacity.Furthermore, I show that it may be optimal to invest in additionalcapacity during periods in which part of the operational capacityis not being utilized. The impact of competition on the propertiesof the endogenous output price is dramatic. For example, I findthat price volatility may be increasing in the number of competitorsin the industry. 相似文献
30.
Rong Fan Joseph G. Haubrich Peter Ritchken James B. Thomson 《Journal of Financial Services Research》2003,24(2-3):149-179
Recent advances in asset pricing—the reduced-form approach to pricing risky debt and derivatives—are used to quantitatively evaluate several proposals for mandatory bank issue of subordinated debt. We find that credit spreads on both fixed- and floating-rate subordinated debt provide relatively clean signals of bank risk and are not unduly influenced by nonrisk factors. Fixed-rate debt with a put is unacceptable, but making the putable debt floating resolves most problems. Our approach also helps to clarify several different notions of “bank risk.” 相似文献