论图书馆数字信息资源建设

我国图书馆数字信息资源建设还存在着宏观上缺乏协调机制和规范，资金投入缺乏制度保障，特色数字信息资源的构建力度不够，数字信息资源的建设缺乏实用性，人员素质偏低等问题。相应的解决对策是加强图书馆数字信息资源建设的宏观协调和规范管理，完善政府相关政策加大资金投入，进一步优化文献信息资源结构，形成特色数字信息资源，根据用户需求构建数字信息资源，以增强实用性，提高图书馆员信息素质，为数字信息资源建设提供能力保障。     

人力资源专员的素质要求

本文选择北方某区域型中心城市5个月的相关平面招聘广告，采用非介入性研究的方法进行内容分析和数据统计，从而发掘当前人力资源专员素质要求的实质。最后，构建创建与变革时期人力资源专员的素质模型，并对该期人力资源专员的素质要求提出若干建议。     

税收优先权适用范围的法律规制研究

《税收征管法》第四十五条规定的税收优先权,主要适用于税收征管程序、民事执行程序、企业破产程序,但存在税收优先权适用的法律程序不明确、税收优先权与其他优先权的关系界定不清、税收债权与担保物权受偿顺序相矛盾等问题。本文基于公私法融合理论,认为税收优先权的适用应确立"课税禁区"原则、担保物权特别优先原则、税收债权公告优先原则、物权变动中特定税种优先扣划原则,通过优化并改进税收征管程序欠税公告机制、完善民事执行程序中税收债权的参与分配机制、确立企业破产程序中限制税收优先权机制等方式规制税收优先权的适用。     

Poverty,population and environmental degradation in China

This article examines the relationship between poverty, population, and environmental degradation in China. Environmental conditions include water pollution, deforestation, destruction of grasslands, soil erosion, and salinization. The authors review China's success in controlling environmental degradation through leadership, environmental policies, and institutional capacity. Findings suggest that environmental progress is best achieved indirectly by poverty alleviation, market integration, and population control. Government policies were not very effective. Degradation occurs due to limited financial resources, poorly trained personnel, and political factors. Control of water pollution was instituted since the 1980s. The levels of pollutants have been reduced, but the type of pollutant determines the seriousness of impact. Water pollution is due to industrial wastes, agricultural run-off, and soil erosion. Since the 1970s, reforestation targets have not been met. Technical extension and monitoring of planting is not available in most areas, and private, profit seeking interests control acreage. Grassland destruction is due to deforestation, agricultural expansion, and overgrazing. Independent regional authorities have successfully managed pasture programs. Erosion is the most serious in Loess Plateau, the Red Soils area, the Northeast China Plain, and the Northwest Grasslands, which comprise 70% of total land area. In 1990, erosion control was practiced in 39% of eroded land area. Salinization has remained fairly constant. Environmental controls (direct regulation, planned recovery, and state-mandated technological improvements) are uneven. The main tool for environmental management is the State Environmental Protection Commission and its executive unit, SEPA. Problems stem from vague laws, lack of means of enforcement, lack of coordination of laws, and lack of standards, schedules, and other provisions in ordinances.     

“机械制图用计算机信息交换制图规则”中的若干问题探讨

分析讨论了ＧＢ／Ｔ１４６６５－９３《机械制图用计算机信息交换、制图规则》中存在的问题与错误,并提出了相应的修正建议。     

21世纪，管理绿色化

绿色管理是企业管理发展不可抗拒的趋势早在19世纪,恩格斯就根据美索不达米亚的教训警告人类,对大自然不恰当索取将导致大自然对人类的惩罚。之后生态农业的出现,绿色环保浪潮的兴起,“绿色”意识开始向人类生活的各个领域渗透,并导致一系列有关“绿色”新概念的出现:绿色产业成为新的经济增长点;绿色技术和绿色产品设计正蓬勃发展;绿色贸易壁垒和绿色银行应运而生。在此背景下,企业作为环境污染的重要制造者,要想在未来的市场竞争中立于不败之地,一个非常有效的途径就是尽早实施绿色管理。绿色管理是我国经济发展态势的需要。我国资源人均…     

内地会计师和香港会计师的优势比较

入世后,内地会计师和香港会计师均担负着重要的责任.透视各自的特点、各自的优势,取长补短,相得益彰,自然有其重要性. 内地会计师和香港会计师的特点     

Impact of Divergent Consumer Confidence on Option Prices

This paper investigates the impact of divergent consumer confidence on option prices. To model this, we assume that consumers disagree on the expected growth rate of aggregate consumption. With other conditions unchanged in the discrete-time Black–Scholes option-pricing model, we show that the representative consumer will have declining relative risk aversion instead of the assumed constant relative risk aversion. In this case all options will be underpriced by the Black–Scholes model under the assumption of bivariate lognormality. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

跨国所得课税原则的变化趋势探析

在新的世界经济背景和特征下,居民税收管辖权不仅无法实现资本输出中性的目标,而且对实施国的国际竞争力也呈现出不利影响。评价跨国收入税制经济效率的新标准——资本所有权中性原则和国家所有权中性原则为实施来源地税收管辖权的税制安排提供了理论支持。目前在世界范围内,跨国所得税制逐步呈现出以来源地课税原则为主的趋势。     

对税法通则立法的几点认识

税法通则应从法的高度界定中央与地方的税收权限,明确各自权利、义务,保护和调动各级政府治税理财和各方协税护税积极性。