印度的医疗卫生融资改革

印度公共医疗卫生支出水平较低,且在各邦之间分布不均。中央政府拨款对于各邦政府自身医疗卫生支出具有替代性。本文认为,要推进印度医疗卫生事业改革,必须扩大公共医疗卫生支出,提高政府支出效率,并重新设计转移支付制度。     

Impact of the Financial Crisis on Cross‐Border Mergers and Acquisitions and Concentration in the Global Banking Industry

The global banking industry has seen dramatic changes in the past 40 years. Most recently, the financial liberalization of emerging markets and the global financial crisis have significantly impacted the market share of banks worldwide. This article investigates the impact of the 2007–2008 financial crisis on cross‐border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in the banking sector and emphasizes the role of emerging‐market banks in the postcrisis consolidation trend. Using M&A data and concentration data over the period 2000–2013, our analysis indicates that the financial crisis had a significant impact on worldwide M&As, especially on the direction of the transactions. Emerging‐market banks appear to be major acquirers in the postcrisis period, targeting both neighboring countries and developed economies in Europe. We also observe an increase in bank concentration in developed markets most hit by the financial crisis, especially in the United States and the United Kingdom, whereas bank concentration decreased in emerging markets. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

CPFR的供应链管理创新研究

随着市场竞争的日益加剧,供应链企业面临着缩短交货时间、降低成本的巨大压力,这要求供应链企业具备对多变的市场需求做出快速反应和科学预测的能力,加强企业间的合作,CPFR就是在这样的背景下产生的。文章从研究CPFR产生过程出发,比较不同CPFR的定义,分别从协同、计划、预测、补货四个方面分析CPFR的特点和基本理念,然后探讨CPFR的实施模型和方法步骤,最后总结CPFR的价值观。     

Brand extensions via complements or substitutes: The moderating role of manufacturing transferability

This research investigates how consumer evaluations of brand extensions that either complement or substitute the original parent brand vary depending on the level of manufacturing transferability (i.e., the extent to which the parent brand??s existing resources and skills can be used to make the extension). We propose that a complement extension is processed by consumers at a higher, more abstract level whereas a substitute extension is processed at a lower, more concrete level. Since manufacturing transferability activates concrete cognitions of the production process, an increase in manufacturing transferability tends to result in more favorable evaluations toward substitute extensions than complement extensions. Empirical tests using a multi-method approach reveal support both for the underlying theoretical mechanism and the proposed hypotheses.     

生物技术产业集群发展机理研究——以美国波士顿地区为例

生物技术产业已成为当今世界各国家和地区重点发展的高技术产业之一。生物技术产业集群展现了许多以科技为支撑的产业集群特征,同时又具有围绕知识源地区集聚的特点。从生物技术产业特性角度出发,以美国波士顿地区生物技术产业发展为例,对知识的创造与传播以及开发与运用两个子系统进行分析,探究生物技术产业集群发展机理。     

Symposium. Effects of affect and traits in U.S. presidential candidates. Leadership quality and follower affect. Role of measurement error in assessing qualities of presidential candidates. The authors respond. Perception is reality—in the minds of the voters: An interview with David Albritton

In the Winter, 2008 issue of JLS, authors David Albritton, Sharon Oswald, and Joseph Anderson presented their research regarding the relationship between perceived leader traits of U.S. presidential contenders and both voter‐perceived leadership quality and behavior. The Abstract from that article serves as an introduction for the three responses from Appa Rao Korukonda, C. Dean Pielstick, and Brian Sloboda. To further enhance the discussion, Albritton, Oswald, and Anderson revisit their work. An interview conducted by Allan Ament with David Albritton concludes this Symposium.     

Explaining agricultural productivity growth: an international perspective

This article presents multi-output, multi-input total factor productivity (TFP) growth rates in agriculture for 88 countries over the 1970–2001 period, estimated with both stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and the more commonly employed data envelopment analysis (DEA). We find results with SFA to be more plausible than with DEA, and use them to analyze trends across countries and the determinants of TFP growth in developing countries. The central finding is that policy and institutional variables, including public agricultural expenditure and proagricultural price policy reforms, are significant correlates of TFP growth. The most significant geographic correlate of TFP growth is distance to the nearest OECD country.     

破解“特里芬难题”与改革现行国际货币体系

该文从剖析“特里芬难题”的本质原因入手,提出加快国际货币体系改革是解决“特里芬难题”,更是应对近半个多世纪以来国际货币金融危机频仍的根本途径。SDR作为一种在国际货币基金组织框架下由成员国集体创设的储备资产和记账单位,未来可以考虑围绕其基本的货币要素分步开展国际货币体系的改革。随着中国经济的稳健发展和人民币跨境结算进程的加快,人民币应当在国际货币体系改革进程中发挥更大的作用。     

Ethics Gap: Comparing Marketers with Consumers on Important Determinants of Ethical Decision-Making

Studies in marketing ethics often revealed that ethical gaps do exist between marketers and other groups in society. The existence of these ethical gaps could be extremely counterproductive for marketing management. In order to effectively narrow these gaps, a marketing manager must first have a better understanding of causes of these gaps. To this end, this study compares marketing professionals with consumers on some important determinants of the ethical decision-making process. In particular, the marketers and consumers were compared with respect to their personal moral philosophies and ethical perceptions in marketing situations. The data were obtained from a national survey of the practitioner members of the American Marketing Association and members of a consumer panel of a major southern university in the United States. The results generally indicate that marketing professionals are different from consumers with respect to some of the determinants of ethical decisions investigated. Some important managerial implications based on these findings were discussed.     

Social networks and managerial rent-seeking: Evidence from executive trading profitability

This study examines whether board social networks are associated with executive trading profitability. Using a sample of US public firms with a history of executive trading from years 2000 to 2015, we find robust evidence that the profitability of executive trading is significantly lower in firms with higher levels of board social networks. The evidence is consistent with our view that board social networks effectively curb executives' private information advantage over outsiders, thus leading to a lower level of managerial rent-seeking. Our research has policy implications for regulators concerned about the role of corporate board in capital markets.