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61.
Using firm-level Japanese FDI data on investment into 18 European countries between 1970–2000 in all industries (banking,
manufacturing, wholesale/retail distribution, and business services), this study examines if the “follow the customer” (FTC)
hypothesis holds for firm-level data. The results suggest that banks do follow their customers into a foreign market, as part
of a larger strategy that goes beyond the FTC theory. The firm level data show that the majority of FDI into a host country
occurs after the foreign bank has established operations. Policy implications of this finding include the suggestion that
host economies liberalize their financial sector early in an effort to attract banking FDI which then will attract non-banking
FDI rather than the reverse. 相似文献
62.
Nils-Henrik M. von der Fehr & Lise Sandsbråten 《The Scandinavian journal of economics》1997,99(2):281-297
In light of the ongoing liberalization of electricity trade in the Nordic countries, and perhaps in Northern Europe, we argue that gains from electricity trade may be different from those traditionally associated with comparative advantages and economies of scale. In particular, we consider gains arising from the exploitation of technological complementarities between hydro and thermal systems. Our theoretical framework highlights essential features of the two systems and allows for an analysis of effects of trade. We study three trading regimes, which may arise either endogenously or because of trade regulations: day–night power exchange, seasonal energy banking and unbalanced trade. The analysis suggests that gradual trade liberalization may be costly. 相似文献
63.
The paper assesses the merit of the view according to which the Bundesbank dominates monetary policy-making in the European Monetary System. Our tests give a strong rejection of German dominance and suggest, instead, that monetary policymaking in the EMS is interactive. There is evidence that the Bundesbank pursues her own policy goals in the longer run. But German independence does not imply German dominance. 相似文献
64.
Dienstleistungen werden h?ufig in und für Gruppen erbracht. Insbesondere Kunden von Erlebnisdienstleistungen sind auch vor
oder nach dem Konsum eine relativ enge und oft homogene Interaktionsgemeinschaft bzw. Community. Communities bieten je nach
Dienstleistungs- und Kundenart eine wichtige Quelle von Wertsch?pfung im Sinne eines wahrgenommenen Wertes für den Kunden.
Durch Kooperation von Kunden untereinander und mit dem Dienstleistungsunternehmen generieren sie nachfrageseitige Netzeffekte.
Dieser Beitrag untersucht auf der Basis einer empirischen Analyse wie, d. h. über welche Mechanismen und Funktionen, Communities
Wert für den Kunden generieren k?nnen. Es zeigt sich unter anderem, dass Koh?renz, Sozialit?t und Koh?sion positiv auf die
Entstehung von wahrgenommenem Kundenwert von Communities wirken. 相似文献
65.
A bstract . Economists have increasingly recognized the growing role of married women in the labor market by treating the labor supply decisions of married couples as joint decisions. However, they have yet to apply the same reasoning to home production. We build a more complete model of household time allocation that consists of a system of simultaneous equations estimating hours of labor supply and home production. Using data on white couples from Wave XXV of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we find that working wives act as if their husbands are substitutes for home production while other wives do not. Husbands' responses to their wives' behavior depends upon whether children are present. 相似文献
66.
67.
Serial Nonparticipation in Repeated Discrete Choice Models 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
Roger H. von Haefen D. Matthew Massey Wiktor L. Adamowicz 《American journal of agricultural economics》2005,87(4):1061-1076
We consider alternative econometric strategies for addressing serial nonparticipation, that is, repeated choice of the same alternative or same type of alternative across a series of choice occasions, in data typically analyzed within the repeated discrete choice framework. Single and double hurdle variants of the repeated discrete choice model are developed and applied to choice experiment and multisite seasonal recreation demand data. Our results suggest that hurdle models can generate significant improvements in statistical fit and qualitatively different policy implications, particularly in choice experiment applications where the proper treatment of serial nonparticipation is relatively more ambiguous. 相似文献
68.
Cooperation between workers can be of substantial value to a firm, yet its level often varies substantially between firms. We show that these differences can unfold in a competitive labor market if workers have heterogeneous social preferences and preferences are private information. In our model, workers differ in their willingness to cooperate voluntarily. We show that there always exists a separating equilibrium in which workers self‐select into firms that differ in their monetary incentives as well as their level of worker cooperation. Our model highlights the role of sorting and worker heterogeneity in the emergence of heterogeneous corporate cultures. It also provides a new explanation for the coexistence of nonprofit and for‐profit firms.
相似文献
69.
70.
Max von Zedtwitz Simone Corsi Peder Veng Sberg Romeo Frega 《Journal of Product Innovation Management》2015,32(1):12-28
Reverse innovation commonly refers to an innovation initially launched in a developing country and later introduced to an advanced country. Adopting a linear innovation model with the four sequential phases of concept ideation, product development, primary target market introduction, and subsequent secondary market introduction, this study expands the espoused definition of reverse innovation beyond its market‐introduction focus with reversals in the flow of innovation in the ideation and product development phases. Recognizing that each phase can take place in different geographical locations, the paper then introduces a typology of global innovation with 16 different types of innovation flows between advanced and emerging countries, 10 of which are reverse innovation flows. The latter are further differentiated into weak and strong reverse innovation, depending on the number of innovation phases taking place in an emerging country. This analytical framework allows recasting of current research at the intersection between innovation and international business. Of the 10 reverse innovation flows, six are new and have not been covered in the literature to date. The study addresses questions of ethnocentrism and the continuity of the flow of innovation, and discusses possible extensions of the model with respect to the number of geographical categories and phases of innovation. Four research propositions highlight areas for future investigation, especially in the context of optimizing a firm's portfolio of global innovation competence and capability. The implications for management are concerned with internal and external resistance to reverse innovation. Most significantly, while greater recognition and power of innovation in formerly subordinate organizational units is inconvenient to some, the ability to leverage the potential of reverse innovation makes a firm more likely to succeed in global innovation overall. 相似文献