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41.
PROPRIETORIAL CONTROL IN FAMILY FIRMS: SOME FUNCTIONS OF 'QUASI-ORGANIC' MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the strategies of managerial control which are used by the proprietors of family-owned business enterprises. Interviews with the proprietors and senior managers of businesses in the building industry illustrate the ‘quasi-organic’ nature of management structures. These grant some autonomy to senior managers without threatening proprietorial decision-making prerogatives. Although the family firm has certain distinctive features, similar control strategies designed to ensure that delegated decisions are ‘reliable’ and ‘responsible’ are evident in various types of business enterprise. There is, then, scope for further comparative research within a conceptual framework which does not entirely divorce the family firm from other business organizations. 相似文献
42.
Robert J. Long 《Journal of Economics and Finance》1992,16(2):155-157
A recent article in this journal by Dran (1991) suggests that the usual treatment of degree of operating leverage (DOL) is
misleading because it improperly attributes the DOL to the ratio of fixed to total costs rather than the closeness of the
firm’s output to breakeven. Managerial economics texts are clear in identification of DOL as an elasticity concept which varies
with the nearness to break-even. Examples associating DOL with the relative level of fixed cost arise from association of
higher fixed costs with higher breakeven points, and this appears to be the normal economic relationship. 相似文献
43.
Robert L. Kahn 《人力资源管理》1984,23(1):5-22
Present patterns of productive activity are neither well recognized, optimal for society, nor in accordance with individual prefence. Although a great deal of attention has been given to meeting people's needs for income, medical care, and other services, the quality of their lives must also be defined by what they do for themselves and for others. In discovering present patterns of productive activity throughout the life course and optimizing those patterns, we will raise the quality of American life. To accomplish this task, two great changes are needed: we must recognize the full range of productive activities throughout the life course and give people the opportunity to modify the allocation of paid employment. 相似文献
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Robert M Townsend 《Journal of Economic Theory》1979,21(2):265-293
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49.
Validating the international tourist role scale 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study was designed to validate the international tourist role scale and the three dimensions it revealed. The purpose of this attitudinal scale was to measure the tourist role typology. United States adult outbound tourists flying with 11 major airlines returned useful questionnaires. This study validated the role scale as a reliable one that properly identified three conceptual dimensions of international tourist typology and successfully provided measures of tourists’ novelty-seeking preferences on the three dimensions. The study demonstrated, however, that the scale would measure the novelty-seeking preferences of international tourists more effectively if it were supplemented by other measures. 相似文献
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