债权人积极作用与被动地位的悖论——论中国破产制度的根本缺陷及其改革

企业融资和治理理论认为,债权人对于股东和职工来说是具有积极作用的,具体体现在相机治理机制与破产程序和制度方面。但在我国的现实中,债权人却完全处于被动无权的地位。这种理论与现实的矛盾正是导致破产逃债现象十分严重的根本原因。因而,我国破产制度完善的关键在于发挥债权人的积极作用,尤其是像商业银行和金融资产管理公司等专业债权人。     

Forecasting the region’s household income and demand by the input-output model (Case study of the Republic of Bashkortostan)

Methods of interrelated forecasting of the regional outputs of individual branches, household income, and consumption are considered. The instrument for the analysis and prediction for the parameters of the region’s economic system is a closed input-output model based on endogenous indicators of household income and demand.     

Mode of payment in household expenditures

Summary We have studied the choice of mode of payment from a 1987 Dutch household survey. The institutional arrangements of a transaction are a major determinant for the mode of payment, and so is the amount involved. A 10% increase in the sum paid usually leads to a reduction of about 1.3% to 2.3% in the incidence of currency use.Based on De keuze van een betaalmiddel (The Choice of Mode of Payment), (SEO, Amsterdam, 1989), which reports research commissioned by the Postbank, Amsterdam.     

State-of-the-art of Russia’s heat supply systems

The paper overviews the contemporary state of Russia’s heat supply systems and fuel consumption within its centralized part, the structure of heat consumption by economic sectors and types of industrial consumers. As shown, the centralized heat supply systems, providing the major part of country’s economy with low temperature heat, have heat losses and accident rate at a critical level. The state of decentralized heat supply systems of low rise buildings is not covered by national statistics at all. A second paper on the prospects and development of Russia’s heat supply systems will be published in a subsequent issue.     

如何实现合同的规范化管理

一个企业的经营成败和合同管理有密切关系,现代企业若能对合同实施有效管理,将为企业管理水平和经济效益的提高产生巨大的推动力,促进企业稳步发展.本文主要谈谈合同管理与企业稳步发展的关系.