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161.
While the renewed Lisbon strategy has emphasised the potential role that ICT can play in meeting the challenges of boosting
growth and competitiveness in the EU, there is no clear understanding of the way ICT could complement the structural reform
programme which is at the core of that strategy. The evidence presented in this paper suggests that higher market rigidities
in the EU have deterred ICT investment and ICT contribution to GDP growth.
The data used for ICT investment and ICT contribution to GDP growth is taken from the Groningen Growth and Development Centre
database available at http://www.euklems.net. The views expressed by the authors are not necessarily those of the European
Commission. Any errors are theirs alone. 相似文献
162.
163.
The boundaries between accounting and law are contingent on time–space intersections. Here, these margins are explored in the realm of international relations by focusing on the Asiento, an 18th century treaty granting Britain the monopoly to trade slaves with the Spanish American colonies. Although a relatively minor concern of treaty-makers, noncompliance with provisions of the Asiento by the South Sea Company placed accounting centre stage in conflicts between Britain and Spain. In combination with geo-strategic and domestic political circumstances, reporting failures exacerbated the commercial dispute between the two nations which culminated in war in 1739. The accounting provisions of the Asiento are examined by drawing on managerialist and realist theories of treaty compliance. It is shown that British noncompliance with accounting obligations under the treaty was driven by realist self-interest and the maximisation of material gain. Given that such motivations dominated behaviour attempts to manage noncompliance through the routine processes and structures of international politics proved unsuccessful. Managerial devices such as diplomatic exchanges over treaty ambiguity and securing greater informational transparency merely provided further opportunities for the pursuit of self-interest. It is suggested that divergent perceptions of the role of accounting in international relations stem from the unique political, legal, social and cultural configurations of nation states. The study highlights the limitations of accounting as an instrument of treaty verification. Its effectiveness in that capacity is diminished where there is no shared understanding of the significance, purpose, content and interpretation of accounting information. 相似文献
164.
Salvador Carmona Marco Trombetta 《Advances in accounting, incorporating advances in international accounting》2010,26(1):1-5
The increasing globalization of the U.S. economy drives interest in international accounting standards. In this respect, the convergence process between the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) targets the completion of several major projects by 2011. The importance of the projects under consideration as well as the lack of conclusive theoretical solutions around them suggests that the target of a “common set” of accounting standards will be replaced in the short-medium term by a de facto situation of a “slightly different set” of accounting standards. In this paper, we draw on best available practices to make a specific proposal for the introduction of IFRS into the curriculum of institutions of higher learning in the U.S. Our proposal is driven by the idea that accounting education should move from teaching ever temporary rules to emphasize the economic and strategic underpinnings of accounting transactions. 相似文献
165.
Salvador Ortigueira 《Journal of Monetary Economics》2006,53(8):2165-2178
The persistence of high-unemployment rates in Europe has fueled theories advocating the existence of multiple natural rates of unemployment. Labor-market institutions and increasing returns to scale have been singled out as the main causes of multiplicity and, therefore, of high-unemployment traps. The contribution of this paper is both to expand the set of mechanisms leading to multiple natural rates of unemployment and to establish a minimum set of assumptions under which such multiplicity may arise. To this aim, a search-matching model is presented where households allocate time to market and non-market activities, and invest both in physical and human capital. It is shown that under the standard assumption of concavity in production and matching such a model yields multiple long-run equilibria with different rates of unemployment. This result does not rely on labor-market institutions or increasing returns to scale. Multiplicity in our model arises from differences in the intensity of use of human capital across time-consuming activities. 相似文献
166.
We draw on social capital theory to examine the relationship between audit committee (AC) members’ social capital and financial reporting quality. Using US data for the period 2001–2010, our results suggest that non-AC directors’ social capital does not appear to be relevant to financial reporting quality. As far as AC members are concerned, our findings show a negative relationship between their social capital and financial reporting quality, suggesting a ‘dark side’ to social capital. Specifically, we find that sitting in multiple ACs (centrality) has a negative impact on reporting quality only for those AC members designated as financial experts. When other proxies for social capital are considered (connectedness, brokerage position and strong ties), our results show that the quality of financial reporting significantly decreases with the social capital of non-financial experts sitting in the AC. We contribute to prior research by: (i) relying on social capital theory, which is widely neglected in accounting research, (ii) using multiple metrics to capture the complex dimensions of social capital, and (iii) discriminating between the effects of financial and non-financial experts’ social capital on reporting quality. Our results suggest policy-makers might wish to limit financial experts’ multiple directorships as well as assess the actual contribution of non-financial experts to AC effectiveness. 相似文献
167.
Daniel Solís Boris E. Bravo‐Ureta Ricardo E. Quiroga 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》2009,60(1):202-219
This study examines the extent to which technical efficiency (TE) is related to activities promoted by two natural resource management programmes recently completed in Central America. Data for a total of 639 farms operating in the hillsides of El Salvador and Honduras are used to estimate a household‐level input‐oriented stochastic distance frontier simultaneously with a TE effects model. The main finding of this study is that improvements in TE are financially beneficial to farm households while also contributing to environmental sustainability. The results also reveal a positive association between productivity and output diversification, and a positive relationship between TE and off‐farm income, human capital and agricultural extension. 相似文献
168.
Sergio?F.?OchoaEmail author Gabriel?Bravo José?A.?Pino Juan?Rodríguez-Covili 《Group Decision and Negotiation》2011,20(1):39-56
Inspections represent key activities in construction projects. They allow coordinating the work of the main contractor and
the subcontracted companies participating in the project. Today the inspection activities and the coordination process are
done using information recorded into paper-based blueprints. As a consequence of it, coordinating the activities derived from
inspection processes become expensive, slow and error-prone. This paper presents a mobile shared workspace, named COIN (Construction
Inspector), which helps the participants in a construction project to overcome these limitations. COIN was particularly designed
to be used on tablet PCs, but it is able to run on several computing devices. This workspace has been tested in a controlled
work scenario. The preliminary results are highly positive, indicating this proposal could have an important impact on the
construction management process. 相似文献
169.
This study analyzes the influence on interorganizational learning attributed to differences in organizational cultures of
partnering firms, through joint ventures. We attempt to carry out an in-depth analysis into the type of influences involved
and whether they are positive or negative, or if they foster or hinder learning. We analyze a sample consisting of firms that
had entered into a joint venture and then contrasted our hypotheses against the sample using structural equations. The results
confirm the existence of a degree of influence and conclude that this influence is positive for this type of learning. 相似文献
170.
Rafael Bravo Elena Fraj Teresa Montaner 《International Review of Retail, Distribution & Consumer Research》2013,23(3):255-268
Throughout the years, there has been debate in the consumer research literature on how families influence their children's attitudes to brands. This paper analyses parent–young adult children influence on the creation of brand associations, perceived quality and willingness to pay a price premium. In order to fulfil these goals, an empirical analysis using a sample of 349 young adults has been conducted. Relationships have been analysed by means of structural equations models in three consumer packaged goods, and results obtained allow us to conclude that the information provided by parents may foster the creation of brand associations, it may favour young adults' positive perception of the brand's quality, and finally, it may lead young adults to be willing to pay a price premium for the brand. 相似文献