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31.
Capital, corporate income taxes, and catastrophe insurance 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We provide estimates of the equity capital needed and the resulting tax costs incurred when supplying catastrophe insurance/reinsurance using a partial equilibrium model that incorporates a specific loss distribution for US catastrophe losses. After consideration of insurer investment in tax-exempt securities, tax loss carry-back/forward provisions, and personal taxes, our results imply that the tax costs of equity finance alone have a substantial effect on the cost of supplying catastrophe reinsurance. These results help explain a variety of industry developments that reduce tax costs. Also, when coupled with non-tax costs of capital, these results help explain the limited scope of catastrophe insurance/reinsurance. 相似文献
32.
The study examines insider ownership in large and small firms in relation to market efficiency. Recent studies have found a positive and significant relation between inside ownership and stock market performance. Such a finding is predicated upon the idea that inside ownership minimizes agency costs caused by the conflict between hired managers and shareholders. It is argued here that semi-strong form market efficiency requires that all public information, including insider ownership, be quickly impounded into the price of a stock. If that is the case, the expected present value of a change in agency cost should be incorporated into the stock price shortly after any significant change in ownership. Hence, if the estimate is unbiased, the longer-term performance of firms should not be effected by such changes. The issue is examined for both large, well-known firms and for smaller, less-known firms. The hypothesis that markets are generally efficient with respect to insider ownership information is rejected. 相似文献
33.
Jonathan A. Scott 《Journal of Financial Services Research》2004,25(2-3):207-230
This paper examines whether community banks have a niche in the production of soft information when lending to small firms. A composite measure of soft information production is created from owner ratings of bank performance characteristics using survey data from a national sample of U.S. small firms. These characteristics capture some important aspects of soft information such as the bank’s knowledge of the owner’s business. This composite measure is related to the size of the owner’s primary bank, a measure of the intensity of market competition and proxies for the strength of banking relationships. After controlling for several sources of endogeneity, this composite measure is found to be significantly higher if the owner currently banks at a CFI and experiences less loan officer turnover. 相似文献
34.
Michael E. Bradbury Adrian Raftery Tom Scott 《Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics》2018,14(1):52-64
We argue that services which are complimentary and closer aligned to the annual report audit provide greater insight about risk and are more likely to exhibit the existence of economies of scope (knowledge spillover) through a positive association with audit fees. Specifically, we consider the potential for knowledge spillover from the auditing of triennial Long-Term Plans (LTP) to the annual report audit for a large sample of New Zealand municipals over the period 2005–2013. We find the LTP audit fees are positively related to municipal annual report audit fees and other fees (audit of for-profit subsidiaries, non-audit services) are not. This suggests that knowledge spillovers are dependent on the nature of the additional services. We also find evidence of higher fees for private sector auditors for both the annual report and the LTP audit. The LTP (forecast) audit fee is associated with municipal size, complexity, and political competition. 相似文献
35.
The role of relationship quality in the stratification of vendors as perceived by customers 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Michael J. Dorsch Scott R. Swanson Scott W. Kelley 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1998,26(2):128-142
Companies implement preferred supplier programs to reduce their vendor relationships to a reasonable few. Consequently, vendors
who do not effectively manage their customer-based relationships are strong candidates for deletion from a customer’s list
of long-term suppliers. The emergence of preferred supplier programs suggests that businesses are beginning to formally recognize
and reward differences between their qualified vendors. Vendor stratification is proposed as a framework for understanding
the evolution of preferred vendor programs. With the growing interest in relationship marketing, a study was conducted to
empirically examine the extent to which businesses use relationship quality perceptions to differentiate their qualified vendors.
The findings support the notion that relationship quality is a higher-order construct that can be used as a basis for developing
vendor stratification systems. The article concludes with a discussion of the managerial and research implications of the
study findings.
Michael J. Dorsch (Ph.D., University of Arkansas) is an associate professor of marketing at Clemson University. His research has been published
in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theJournal of Business Research, and theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, among others. His research interests include issues concerning relationship marketing and marketing research methods.
Scott R. Swanson (Ph.D., University of Kentucky) is an assistant professor of marketing at East Carolina University. He previously spent 9
years as a purchasing executive and his research interets include issues related to services marketing, atmospherics, and
marketing ethics. His research has been published in theJournal of Business to Business Marketing, theInternational Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, AMA Educators’ Proceedings, andRetailing: Theories and Practices for Today and Tomorrow.
Scott W. Kelley (D.B.A., University of Kentucky) is an associate professor of marketing. His research has been published in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theJournal of Retailing, theJournal of Business Research, theJournal of Advertising, and theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, among others. His research interests include issues concerning services marketing and marketing ethics. 相似文献
36.
Anusorn Singhapakdi Scott J. Vitell George R. Franke 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1999,27(1):19-36
This study uses responses from a survey of marketing professionals in a structural equation model linking antecedents and
consequences of two dimensions of personal moral philosophies (idealism and relativism) and perceived moral intensity (PMI).
Mixed support is found for hypothesized effects of gender, religiosity, education, experience, salary, and corporate ethical
values on idealism and relativism. Idealism increases and relativism decreases PMI in four ethical scenarios. PMI increases
perceptions of ethical problems, which reduce intentions to act unethically. The study tests whether relationships between
variables, revealing that PMI has direct as well as indirect effects on intentions. Intentions are also influenced by gender:
women have more ethical intentions than men, on average, and this effect is not mediated by other variables in the model.
Anusorn Singhapakdi is an associate professor of marketing at Old Dominion University. He has also served on the marketing faculty at Lamar University,
Texas, and at Thammasat University, Thailand. His papers on topics in marketing ethics and social responsibility have been
published in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Business Ethics, Journal of Business Research, Journal of Macromarketing,
Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, and various other journals and proceedings.
Scott J. Vitell is the Phil B. Hardin Professor of Marketing at the University of Mississippi. He received his Ph.D. in marketing from Texas
Tech University. His work has previously appeared in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Business Research, Journal of Macromarketing, Journal of Business
Ethics, Research in Marketing, International Marketing Review, and in other journals and proceedings.
George R. Franke is an associate professor and Reese Phifer Fellow of Marketing at the University of Alabama. His research interests include
ethics, public policy, advertising, and research methodology. His publications have received best-paper awards from theJournal of Advertising, Journal of Marketing Research, American Marketing Association, and Southern Marketing Association. 相似文献
37.
Research summary: Investing a firm's resources in corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives remains a contentious issue. While research suggests firm financial performance is the primary driver of CEO dismissal, we propose that CSR will provide important additional context when interpreting a firm's financial performance. Consistent with this prediction, our results suggest that past CSR decisions amplify the negative relationship between financial performance and CEO dismissal. Specifically, we find that greater prior investments in CSR appear to expose CEOs of firms with poor financial performance to a greater risk of dismissal. In contrast, greater past investments in CSR appear to help shield CEOs of firms with good financial performance from dismissal. These findings provide novel insight into how CEOs' career outcomes may be affected by earlier CSR decisions. Managerial summary: In this study, we examined a potential personal consequence for CEOs related to corporate social responsibility (CSR). We explored the role prior investments in CSR play when a board evaluates the firm's financial performance and considers whether or not to fire the CEO. Our results suggest that while financial performance sets the overall tone of a CEO's evaluation, CSR amplifies that baseline evaluation. Specifically, our results suggest that greater past investments in CSR appear to (a) greatly increase the likelihood of CEO dismissal when financial performance is poor, and (b) somewhat reduce the likelihood of CEO dismissal when financial performance is good. Thus, striving to deliver profits in a socially responsible manner may have both positive and negative personal consequences. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
38.
A critique of high-value supply chains as a means of modernising agriculture in China: The case of the beef industry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
China has embarked on an agricultural modernisation program with far-reaching implications for rural development, food safety and trade. A major focus of China’s agricultural modernisation program has been to build high-value supply chains and large, modern agro-industrial enterprises. This paper provides a critique of these efforts in the case of the high-value beef supply chain. It finds that interventionist policies to fast-track the development of high-value supply chains have perverse outcomes and that a more incremental and facilitative approach to modernisation should be pursued based around the development of mid-value supply chains. 相似文献
39.
Scott Scheall 《Journal of Economic Methodology》2017,24(3):226-249
There is something extreme about Ludwig von Mises’s methodological apriorism, namely, his epistemological justification of the a priori element(s) of economic theory. His critics have long recognized and attacked the extremeness of Mises’s epistemology of a priori knowledge. However, several of his defenders have neglected what is (and what has long been recognized by his critics to be) extreme about Mises’s apriorism. Thus, the argument is directed less against Mises than against those contributions to the secondary literature that assert his methodological moderation while overlooking what the most prominent critics have found extreme about Mises’s apriorism. Defending Mises as a merely moderate apriorist because he held only a narrow part of the foundation of economics to be a priori is a straw-man defense against criticisms of his apriorism as epistemologically extreme. 相似文献
40.
We exploit within-school variation in counselors and find that one additional counselor reduces student misbehavior and increases boys’ academic achievement by over one percentile point. These effects compare favorably with those of increased teacher quality and smaller class sizes. 相似文献