Property Tax in Urban China

This paper examines China＇s urban housing sector and proposes that property, tax reform be undertaken. Specifically, China should significantly reduce taxes on transactions and introduce property taxes during the possession of houses. This will increase housing affordability as a result of lower transaction costs, reduce speculation because of the higher opportunity cost of holding vacant houses, stabilize the fiscal system by generating more sustainable tax revenue, and improve the efficiency and fairness of the property tax system according to the principles of ＂ability-to-pay＂ and ＂user pays＂.     

A cross-national study of corporate governance and employment contracts

Corporate governance (CG) can be seen to operate through a 'double agency' relationship: one between the shareholders and corporate management, and another between the corporate management and the firm's employees. The CG and labour management of firms are closely related. A particularly productive way to study how CG affects and is affected by the employment relationship has been to compare CG across countries. The contributions of this paper to that literature are threefold. (1) An integration of aspects of the labour management literature in the CG debate. (2) Based on a sample of about 1000 firms from 31 countries, we find evidence of complementarities between the CG and the labour management of firms. Extreme cases, in general, outperform mixed cases. (3) Firm differences within countries are more important than scholars have assumed so far. We present the results of the study and implications for future research and for practice.     

从高职英语写作大赛的试题取材看高职英语写作的教学

本文通过对全国高职高专英语写作大赛试题的分析，可以看出高职应用英语写作教学有其鲜明的特色。作者提出了对高职英语写作教学改革的几点建议和思路；探讨了教学要进行改革的必要性；同时指明了高职高专英语写作教学的重点和教学的方向，对英语写作教学有一定的指导意义。     

论高新技术企业人力资本产权激励保障制度构建——基于全国200多家企业的实地调研

人力资本的有效激励在很大程度上依赖于高新技术企业人力资本产权激励保障制度的安排,随着高新技术企业实施人力资本产权激励的需求越来越成熟,构建高新技术企业人力资本产权激励保障制度成为高新技术企业制度建设的必然。本文以全国200多家高新技术企业为研究样本,通过实地调研,了解高新技术企业人力资本产权激励保障制度建设的需求,以此为基础构建以内部保障机制和外部保障机制为核心的高新技术企业人力资本产权激励保障制度。     

对进出口企业货物贸易顺入顺差差异的微观分析

本文以6户陕西省重点进出口企业的进出口、贸易信贷数据为基础,分析得出:虽然贸易信贷造成了单个以及全部企业货物贸易项下跨境资金流和货物流在时间上的不匹配,但并不能完全解释顺入顺差之间的差异。造成货物贸易顺入顺差差异的成因有贸易信贷这一必然因素,也有货物流资金流时间差、数据上传滞后、特殊贸易方式等偶然因素,并且偶然因素长期以各种各样的形式存在。因此,本文提出,要提高货物贸易顺入顺差的匹配性,需要标本兼治,一方面从操作层面强化主体监管、完善统计;另一方面,调节汇率和利率,扩大汇率的双向波动性,改变人民币单边升(贬)值预期,压缩市场主体的套利空间。     

On positional consumption and technological innovation: an agent-based model

Positional behaviour is arguably a source of social externalities. Remedies for this market failure are defended by some authors and rejected by others. One of the issues discussed is the role that the competition for positional goods may have in generating technological innovation. This article aims to contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of this process through the use of an agent-based model. Simulations show a plausible dynamics of the process of technological innovation as generated by consumption of positional nature. An interpretation of the results in the scope of the policy discussion in question is provided. The influence of key factors such as income inequality, the materialization of the Hirsch conjecture, and characteristics of the network of relative preferences, is analised. We also frame the potential interest of positional consumption and this model in particular in the context of the ongoing discussion among evolutionary economists on the behaviour of demand.     

气压机飞动的危害及预防

气压机组是催化裂化的重要生产核心设备之一,为了保证机组的正常运行,防止气压机飞动故障现象的发生,文章针对其产生的原因进行全面完整的分析.     

Multidimensional Competition and Corporate Disclosure

In this paper, we argue that the influence product market competition exerts on disclosure is defined by the combined effect of the incentives and disincentives to disclose raised by the multiple competition dimensions. We distinguish between firm‐ and industry‐level competition measures, and we hypothesize that the former raises agency and proprietary costs, whereas the latter creates incentives to disclose either to fulfil the owners’ need for information to monitor managers or to deter the entrance of new competitors in the industry. Our research design allows for non‐monotonic relationships between competition and disclosure as well as for interactions between competition dimensions. Using a sample of US manufacturing companies, we gather evidence that is consistent with our hypotheses. First, we find an inverted U‐shape relationship between corporate disclosure and a firm's abnormal profitability, which is suggestive of firms being reluctant to disclose when they are underperforming (outperforming) their rivals because of the fear of unveiling agency conflicts (raising proprietary costs). Second, we observe a U‐shape relationship between corporate disclosure and industry profitability, although this U design evolves to approximate a rising function as the protection provided by entry barriers increases.     

Price-Anderson act declared unconstitutional: The decision and its effects on nuclear power

In March 1977, the $560 million limit on liability in the Price-Anderson Act was declared unconstitutional. The Price-Anderson Act sets forth a combination private-public insurance and compensation system for handling risks associated with commercial nuclear operations. The limit was found to violate the due process and equal protection provisions of the Fifth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. This paper examines the salient points of the decision which include: (a) the effects of nuclear plant operations on the plaintiffs; (b) the dependence of nuclear power development on the Price-Anderson Act; (c) the plaintiff's right to bring suit; and (d) the rationale for declaring the Act unconstitutional. The potential effects include the possibility that many utilities and suppliers of nuclear plant components will terminate their nuclear business, the availability of capital funds for nuclear plants will be reduced, and that cost of capital will be increased to reflect the greater risk of nuclear development.