中央与地方财权、事权关系对社会公平影响的实证研究

合理划分政府财权与事权是提高经济运行效率,促进社会公平发展的客观需要,也是在市场经济条件下建立公共财政框架的必然要求。本文通过建立数量控制模型,在明确财政收入、财政支出、国民生产总值三者关系的基础上,分别对中央政府和地方政府收入划分和支出划分对社会公平的影响进行数量分析,并以此为依据,指出了目前政府财权事权划分的不合理之处,提出了一些改革建议。     

Benchmarking:企业经营运作新方法

Benchmarking是国外八十年代发展起来的一种新型经营管理方法 ,正在被世界上越来越多的大公司所采用 ,并在竞争中取得了显著成效。其思想基础、观察角度、基本步骤对我们现有企业的经营运作、摆脱困境都是一个很好的启示     

物流成本:价格上涨的重要推手

物流成本是物流活动中所消耗的物化劳动和活劳动的货币表现,作为商品价值的重要组成部分,其上升必然推高商品价格,成为商品价格上涨的重要推手。它的上升主要会通过运输费用、经管费用、税费和制度性成本等路径推动商品价格上涨。要保持市场价格的基本稳定,必须通过改革公路收费、改进物流管理、培育物流企业、优化物流模式等措施,多管齐下遏制物流成本上升。     

Transformation and Rebirth of Chinese Brands: A Case From the Hotel Industry

ABSTRACT

Chinese domestic brands have developed rapidly in recent years, and yet few of them have entered global competition as product or service brands brands with exceptions such as Huawei. In addition, the evolution of Chinese brands has hardly been understood or introduced properly by international business educators. In this article, we identify the development patterns of Chinese domestic brands by using a local hotel brand as an example. Particularly, we examine and discuss how a Chinese brand can be established with specific positioning, brand image, and product offering, as well as how the brand can grow by vertical and horizontal extensions based on balancing market opportunities and the brand’s own capabilities. Moreover, we expect this research to facilitate the understanding of Chinese brands among international business education.     

mLearning as a softer visitor management approach for sustainable tourism

With increased visitation to protected natural areas over the last four decades, there is a need for implementation of effective visitor management strategies at these sites to mitigate visitor impacts. This study explores the application of mobile learning (mLearning) in environmental interpretation and visitor education within the context of conservation and sustainable tourism. Specifically, it proposes a conceptual framework for mLearning as a visitor management tool for sustainable tourism. Current developments and innovations in mobile broadband networks, smartphone technology, and mobile software applications present opportunities for the utilization of such mobile-driven applications in interpretive programs to encourage free-choice learning and mindful visitor experiences. If effectively implemented, such interpretive programs and mLearning applications can affect visitor perceptions, attitudes, and future intentions toward conservation and environmental protection.     

A method for reducing information asymmetry in destination–airline relationships

We propose a measure of business risk in air travel demand at the route level that can reduce information asymmetry during route development negotiations between tourism destinations and airlines. Aviation-exposed risk (AER) conveys information about the level of uncertainty with regard to air travel demand from an airline’s perspective. Using AER, tourism destinations and air service development teams can evaluate their risks from the perspective of the airline and its network. From there, an assessment can be made as to the value of air services in certain circumstances, including whether a direct underwrite or risk share between airlines and destinations is viable and necessary. By applying a portfolio analysis to an airline’s network, we find evidence that AER does indeed mimic the actual capacity distribution of the network. This provides support for AER as a useful risk measure to be used in practice.     

中欧贸易发展潜力的实证分析——基于贸易引力模型

中欧互为重要的贸易伙伴对象,在当前国际经济复杂多变的背景下,尤其是英国"脱欧"的影响下,中欧之间贸易的稳定发展对双方都有重要的战略意义。文章在阐述中欧贸易发展现状的基础上,通过贸易紧密度和互补性分析,发现中欧间贸易紧密度呈现下降的趋势,中欧间的贸易互补性较低。通过扩展的贸易引力模型对1999~2014年间中欧双边贸易的实证分析中发现中欧贸易发展的潜力,趋近于贸易"饱和"。建议开展双边自贸谈判,通过建立中欧自贸区来扩大双边贸易的发展。     

企业隐性知识管理研究述评

知识经济时代呼唤有效的知识管理,隐性知识作为企业知识的主体和企业创新的原动力,正扮演着越来越重要的角色。本文从隐性知识的内涵与分类、特性与测评、转化与共享等方面对近几年国内外企业隐性知识管理的研究成果进行综述,并分析了目前企业隐性知识管理研究中存在的问题。     

我国大学科技园发展现状与对策建议

随着知识经济的飞速发展,大学科技园受到越来越多的关注,成为许多国家新的经济增长点,然而在我国由于大学所有制和市场竞争体制的影响,大学科技园在实际建设中遇到许多新问题。本文通过对国内外大学科技园运营状况进行对比,指出了我国在发展大学科技园过程中所遇到的问题和产生的原因,并提出了相应的解决建议。     

人民币汇率形成机制改革的多层面考察

人民币汇率形成机制改革的经济效应可以从宏观、微观和金融市场三个层面进行考察。从宏观层面看,汇率改革能够提高我国货币政策的独立性,但是对减少贸易失衡和调整国际收支的作用并不明显,反而由于持续的升值预期导致大规模资本流入,影响经济金融稳定。从微观层面看.人民币升值对纺织业等行业产生了比较明显的冲击,非贸易品部门则受益于人民币升值,FDI 投资区位的选择也发生了变化,这些都有利于我国转变过度外向型的经济结构。从市场层面看,更大的汇率弹性使企业和金融机构面临的外汇风险上升,但同时也有利于促进外汇市场发展和推动资本账户开放。