The effect of discrimination and segregation on black male migration

This article develops and tests a model of black male migration to major standard metropolitan statistical areas (SMSAs). Migration is examined using a dual labor market approach. A statistical model is tested that incorporates measures of discrimination and segregation. The results are consistent with the argument that discriminatory employment practices constrain black male migration and suggest that past practices help explain the labor market problems of young blacks today. The analysis is temporal, but provides insights into previously unstudied determinants of black male migration. Decennial census data is used for fifty SMSAs.     

Job Marketing: an Evaluation of Managerial Recruitment Advertising Practice

Tom Redman, Principal Lecturer in Human Resource Management, and Brian Mathews, Senior Lecturer in Marketing, Teesside Business School, draw on an analysis of job advertisements from Personnel Management to examine the extent to which the widely available normative guidelines concerning advertising content are followed. Advertising practices are further examined with respect to level of seniority of post and their origins in the public or private sector. the analysis indicates that conventional wisdom and stated job-seeker requirements are followed for several of the accepted norms. There are, however, many areas in which the discrepancies observed could materially affect the effectiveness of particular advertisements.     

Corporate taxation and the choice of patent location within multinational firms

Corporate patents are important assets in the modern economy, where knowledge is highly valued. In many multinational enterprises (MNEs), they constitute a major portion of the business's value. The intra-firm transfer pricing process for patent-related royalty payments is moreover often highly intransparent and patents thus represent a major source of profit shifting opportunities between multinational entities. For both reasons, MNEs have an incentive to locate their patents at low-tax affiliates to minimize the corporate tax burden. The purpose of our paper is to empirically test for this relationship by exploiting a unique dataset that links information on patent applications to micro panel data for European MNEs. Our results suggest that the corporate tax rate (differential to other group members) exerts a negative effect on the number of patent applications filed by a multinational affiliate. The effect is quantitatively large and robust to controlling for firm size and unobserved heterogeneity between the entities. The findings moreover prevail if we account for royalty withholding taxes and binding ‘Controlled Foreign Company’ rules.     

The legal framework and initiatives for promoting safety in the United Arab Emirates

Injury is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The UAE is a rapidly developing country with fast economic growth, demographical and environmental changes that are associated with new hazards emerging at a similar pace. The UAE as a federal entity has federal and local systems responsible for safety policy, regulations and enforcement. To set priorities for safety promotion and injury prevention, it is necessary to have data on the most frequent external causes of injury and the main individual, equipment and environmental risk factors that contribute to injury. However good quality data for injury prevention are scarce. The aim of this paper is to describe the scale of injury as a public health problem in the UAE, and the development of safety policies, regulations and promotion efforts with special emphasis on traffic, occupational and child safety.     

Combining backcasting and adaptive management for climate adaptation in coastal regions: A methodology and a South African case study

Developing adaptation strategies for deltaic and coastal regions is a major challenge, due to future uncertainties of climate change and complexity of the social–ecological systems to be managed. This paper investigates how desirable futures or normative scenarios approaches, in particular backcasting, can be used to develop more robust climate strategies in coastal regions. The paper develops a methodology in which participatory backcasting and adaptive management are combined, and its applicability is demonstrated for the Breede–Overberg coastal region in South Africa where a catchment management strategy has been developed. It is concluded that the methodology offers an adequate framework for developing and implementing long-term climate adaptation strategies and policies, including a transition management scheme for intermediate assessments.