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51.
Abstract The tables for the Friedman rank-test arc extended using a sampling method. A table is given for the traditional significance levels .01, .025, .05 and .10 for number of blocks equal to 7 and 8 and for treatments of size 6 and 7. A brief discussion of available tables is also included along with an example of an application. 相似文献
52.
This article examines the external shocks and subsequent adjustment processes in the Soviet Union, China, and Hungary during 1974–76, 1979–81, and 1984–87. It compares the experiences of the three socialist countries with regard to external shocks to those of inward-and outward-oriented groups of newly industrializing countries (NICs). In contrast to the NICs, terms of trade effects were of secondary magnitude to export demand effects of external shocks in the three socialist countries during the first two periods. The oil-exporting Soviet Union had beneficial terms of trade effects during the first two periods, with unfavorable effects coming only in the third period. The adjustment responses to the external shocks varied greatly in the Soviet Union from the other two reform-oriented socialist countries and from both groups of NICs. It is interesting to note that the types of responses in the Soviet Union were quite opposite to that one observes for market economies. However, reform-oriented China and Hungary seemed to have response patterns similar to those of market economies, though China's response was similar to the outward-oriented NICs, while Hungary's was similar to the inward-oriented NICs.The authors would like to thank two anonymous referees, as well as Robert Dernberger, Albert Fishlow, Gregory Grossman, Chung Lee, Michael Plummer, Laura Tyson, and Benjamin Ward, for useful comments on this paper. Research in preparing this study was partly supported by a grant from the Institute of International Studies and Center for Slavic and East European Studies of the University of California, Berkeley. 相似文献
53.
T.S.K. Moothathu 《Statistica Neerlandica》1987,41(4):253-256
The case is investigated when Hoeffding's one sample U–statistic theorem for the sample variance S2 is not applicable. It is shown that this occurs only when the parent distribution is the two–point distribution with jumps of equal magnitude. For this exceptional case the standardised S2 is shown to converge in distribution to (1 – V )√2, where V has chi–square distribution with one degree of freedom. 相似文献
54.
In our earlier paper [Srivastava, Agnihotri and Dwivedi (1980)] the dominance of double k-class over k-class with respect to exact mean squared error matrix criteria is established. It is observed that given a member of k-class, one can pick up a member of double k-class that will provide an improved estimator of the coefficients. This result prompted us to study the exact finite sample properties of the double k-class estimator. For this, we have considered a structural equation containing two endogenous variables and have investigated the properties of double k-class estimators of the coefficients of explanatory endogenous variables assuming characterizing scalars to be non-stochastic. 相似文献
55.
56.
Prof. Dr. T. Royen 《Metrika》1990,37(1):145-154
Summary It is proved that for any fixed argument the sequence (P
k) of the distribution functions of the ranges ofk i.i.d. univariate random variables is log-concave if the random variables have a log-concave density. If the support of the
distribution is an infinite interval and the density is monotonous then the theorem holds also with “log-convex” instead of
“log-concave”. The resulting inequalities can be used by a quick algorithm for closed maximum range test procedures for all
pairwise comparisons (Royen 1988, 1989a, 1989b). Under the above assumptions the application of this algorithm can be extended
e.g. to pairwise comparisons of variances. 相似文献
57.
Here the authors discuss current trends in British industrial relations and their likelihood of continuing. The central question is that of the probable consequences for management and unions of the sustained rise in unemployment. 相似文献
58.
Aggregation effects on price and expenditure elasticities in a quadratic almost ideal demand system 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract. While it is well known that demand elasticities calculated at the macro level will in general differ from those calculated at the micro level because of aggregation effects, there remain the questions of how large the effects are and how they vary with the degree of inequality in the income distribution. We explore these questions with models based on a quadratic version of the Almost Ideal Demand System. We investigate the elasticity differences theoretically and then calibrate the models and generate numerical results, using income data for seven countries with widely different distributions. The aggregation effects are found generally to be rather small, even with highly unequal income distributions. 相似文献
59.
60.
Prof. Dr. T. V. S. Ramamohan Rao Miss Umamaheswaran Kalpagam 《Journal of Economics》1978,38(3-4):351-367
Conclusion Recognizing the fact that provision of mixed public goods can result in both consumption externalities of the Samuelsonian variety as well as production externalities we set out to extend the earlier results of Rao and Kalpagam (1977) on the effect of public goods on economic growth. In so doing, we considered three standard specifications of production externalities and enlarged the concept of consumption displacement. Our basic conclusion is that the results of our earlier paper remain valid under the more general conditions set out in this paper. 相似文献