论遗产型目的地营销--以四川省乐山市为例

旅游目的地的营销在世界范围内已呈现出日益激烈的竞争格局，并逐渐形成多样化的专业细分市场。本文以乐山市为例，分析了该世界遗产地从落城市20年来的旅游营销策略和方式的变化过程的内在机制，指出了该遗产型目的的地营销的发展趋势。     

Produktgarantien und Aktienkrise — Implikationen für die Kapitalanlagepolitik von Lebensversicherungsunternehmen

The present contribution analyzes the implications of two central factors influencing the asset allocation decision of (German) life insurance companies, the development of the equity market on one hand and the interest rate guarantees included in traditional life insurance products on the other. The adverse development of share prices in 2000–2002 implies the necessity to consider not only ?normal“ volatility but also worst case-developments for the purpose of risk control. Formally this is done by using the risk measures value-at-risk and conditional value-at-risk. The specific ?myopic“ nature of interest rate guarantees in German life insurance products, which are granted on a yearly basis implies — beyond the general control of the shortfall risk with respect to the guaranteed interest rates — the necessity to per-form the asset allocation on a yearly basis to be in conformity with the time horizon of the liabilities.On the basis of a quantitative approach corresponding model calculations are performed. Thereby not only a pure market valuation is considered but also institutional peculiarities (hidden reserves, accounting norms) of German life insurance companies. The possibility of a riskless one-year investment, either based on market values or on balance sheet values, is revealed to be crucial for giving interest rate guarantees on a yearly basis.     

Branding and relationships: Customer and supplier perspectives

This paper explores and investigates the role of branding within financial services. Specifically, the study aims to assess the importance of branding and its associated elements including brand image and brand experience in the relationships that exist between consumers and their financial brands. It aims to achieve this through research, which identifies gaps between the managerial and consumer perspectives on branding in relationships in retail financial services. It is well established that the characteristics of services are different from those of manufactured goods and that service personnel play a central role in the services experience. Moreover, the concept of relationship marketing within services proclaims the importance of one-to-one relationships between businesses and customers as well as relationships between consumers and their brands. Drawing from the fields of brand management, relationship marketing and services marketing, this research aims to investigate the perceptional differences between consumers and suppliers in relation to the importance of branding in financial service relationships. The research findings indicate that brand experience appears to be far more salient than brand image in shaping and building meaningful and lasting brand perceptions and promoting customer retention.     

Mature Australian consumers' adoption and consumption of self-service banking technologies

The slow diffusion of self-service banking technologies (SSBTs) into the mature consumer market necessitates research to understand better this growing section of the population and the diversity that exists within this market. This research analyses the 50+ market through a segmentation approach based on the level of use of SSBTs. Three segments were identified: non-users, low users and medium-to-high users of SSBTs; these are profiled by frequency of use and demographic variables. The medium-to-high user segment embraces a range of SSBTs and uses credit cards to facilitate their financial activities. Non-users and some low users prefer the customary way of conducting transactions and enjoy the personal interaction with the bank employee. These two segments do, however, have a moderate level of credit card use. Finally, a small percentage of diffusion discontinuance was identified in this study of the mature consumer market.     

加快天津北方国际航运中心建设的对策建议

一、建设天津北方国际航运中心的意义 中共中央十六届五中全会通过的<中共中央关于制定十一五规划的建议>和<国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划纲要>都明确提出,推进天津滨海新区开发开放,带动区域经济发展.温家宝总理在视察滨海新区发表的重要讲话中强调指出,打造天津北方国际航运中心.党中央的这一决策是继广东深圳、上海浦东之后,为加快中国经济发展做出的又一重大战略决策.     

在我国利率市场化改革中金融约束思想的运用

利率市场化是指由资金市场的供求关系来决定利率水平，政府放弃对利率的直接行政干预，作为一项宏观金融制度的变迁，必然会引起社会经济结构的重新整合和不同利益集团的利益重构，在带来巨大收益的同时，也具有极大的社会成本。根据经济人假设，利率市场化能否进行，主要取决于现行利率体制与改革后市场化利率体制之间收益与成本的差额比较。假定R1、C1、R2、C2分别代表现行利率体制与改革后市场化利率体制的收益和成本，则利率市场化能否进行的必要条件是（R2—C2）—（R1—C1）〉0，即利率市场化后的纯收益优于非利率市场化的纯收益。