Business Groups: An Integrated Model to Focus Future Research

abstract    Business groups are the primary form of managing large business organizations outside North America. This paper provides a systematic and integrative framework for understanding business groups. We argue that existing theoretical perspectives of business groups pay attention to four critical external contexts, each of which draws from a specific theoretical perspective: market conditions (transaction cost theory), social relationships (relational perspective), political factors (political economy perspective), and external monitoring mechanisms (agency theory). Business groups adapt to these external forces by deploying various internal mechanisms along two key dimensions: one focuses on the distinctive roles of the group affiliates (horizontal connectedness) and the other focuses on coupling and order between the parent firm and its affiliates (vertical linkages). Based on these two dimensions, a typology of business group forms is developed: network (N-form), club (C-form), holding (H-form), and multidivisional (M-form). Utilizing this model we provide research questions which facilitate an improved future research agenda.     

Libraries in transition to a marketing orientation: are librarians' attitudes a barrier?

• This study examines librarians' attitudes toward the marketing of library services, as libraries continue their transition to a marketing orientation. Although prior studies had observed misunderstandings and hostility to marketing among librarians, most previous discussions of this topic were either speculative or based on extremely small samples. In order to provide more evidence in this matter, a large‐scale survey of members of the New Jersey Library Association (NJLA) was conducted. A ‘Pro Marketing’ scale was introduced and used to segment participants with respect to their attitudes. The findings indicate that most respondents expressed relatively positive attitudes toward marketing, but that more positive attitudes were expressed by public librarians than school or college/university librarians, and by administrators as opposed to reference and technical services librarians. Illustrative respondent comments and implications for library management are included.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

逆向供应链研究与分析

逆向供应链是相对于供应链顺向运行而言的一种逆向形态,其在挖掘回收产品潜在价值的同时,起到了节约资源、保护环境的作用。逆向供应链应和供应链整合成为闭环供应链。     

国外房地产宏观调控政策借鉴与启示

世界各国在经济发展过程中几乎都面临过或正面临着“房价过高”、“市场失灵”的难题。本文对美国、英国、俄罗斯等10多个国家的房地产市场调控政策进行了总结,指出了我国房地产市场宏观调控面临的困难与挑战,并结合国外房地产宏观调控的成功经验,就我国房地产市场宏观调控政策提出了自己的观点。     

对于我国公平与效率关系的经济学思考

本文主要通过对我国公平与效率关系的描述及当前面临的现状的分析,运用帕累托效率的分析方法,得出公平与效率本质上具有一致性的结论,在此基础上提出公平与效率可以实现最优结合。我国目前正值“十一五”规划纲要的实施初期,大力发展和谐社会,应该在微观领域体现效率优先的原则,宏观领域公平优先的原则,来实现二者的最优结合。     

论西部民族地区特色经济发展

西部民族地区与其他民族地区,尤其是东部地区差距越来越大。在西部大开发中,发展西部民族地区的特色经济已经成为人们的共识。但是在发展特色经济过程中有哪些优势?同时又存在哪些障碍?怎样克服?换言之,发展西部民族地区特色经济应该采取哪些切实可行的措施,使21世纪的西部民族地区早日摘掉“落后”这顶沉重的帽子显得极为重要。     

司法审查权与法律监督权之良性互动——基于构建我国刑事预审程序的法律思考

我国《刑事诉讼法》第150条规定的对公诉案件的审查不是典型意义上的刑事预审程序。刑事预审程序在世界范围内的实践并不统一,但其价值内核客观存在。在我国构建刑事预审程序的关键是实现检审机关的理性制约与良性互动。     

欧美银行业发展分化原因分析及启示

金融危机十余年来,美国银行业很快从困境中恢复过来,风险状况快速改善,业务发展和海外布局都恢复至稳健水平;而欧洲银行业不仅一直在压缩规模,发展质量也面临严峻挑战,盈利能力、风险抵御能力和经营效率处于低迷状态。欧洲经济复苏进程缓慢、负利率政策、银行监管举措及主权债风险敞口过高,都是导致欧洲银行业与美国银行业发展分化的重要因素。建议关注涉欧业务的经营风险,同时吸取欧洲银行业发展教训,保持中国银行业合理数量和规模,警惕"过度银行"现象;优化问题银行治理机制,将银行体系风险控制在适度范围内;构建符合中国银行业实际情况的金融监管体系。     

上市公司融资结构对公司绩效的影响——以沪深A股区块链类上市公司为例

融资结构对上市公司发展有着重要意义,不合理的融资结构会对上市公司造成不利影响。本文选取2014~2017年沪深两市区块链类上市公司为研究对象,实证检验了上市公司融资结构对公司绩效的相关性。研究表明,短期负债率和长期负债率与公司绩效呈现显著的负相关;股权融资率与公司绩效呈现显著正相关,而股权集中度与公司绩效虽然存在倒“U”型曲线关系,但不显著。     

TEST OF THE CONVERGENCE HYPOTHESIS ALLOWING FOR CROSS‐SECTIONAL DEPENDENCE

A large empirical literature has investigated whether per capita output converges around a common trend across national and regional economies. The methods used in this literature assume no cross‐sectional dependence even though it is likely to be present and might be important in practice. Chang has devised a promising method of testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels with cross‐sectional dependence. We apply her method to test whether convergence takes place across three samples of economies: 15 advanced industrial countries; a broader group of 57 countries; and the 48 contiguous US states. We find evidence of convergence for the 15 advanced industrial economies but no evidence of convergence across either the broad group of countries or the US states.