Industrialization and Government Expenditures: The Case of South Korea

South Korea has been transformed from a nation of war torn poverty to an industrial giant in one generation. Many attribute this to the role of government and believe that the size of government spending increases with industrialization. This paper, using time series data for the 1970–1990 period, empirically tested the impact of industrialization on government spending in Korea. Our results suggest that the two major determinants of public spending are private sector's income (output) and the overall state of employment. Further, our results show that the income elasticity of demand for public goods is greater than unity, both in the short-run and long-run. [H1]     

马克思主义视角下的欧洲一体化

从马克思主义的视野出发,作者提出了有别于理性主义和建构主义对欧洲一体化的研究。马克思主义国际关系/国际政治经济学大致可以区分为古典帝国主义理论、依附论/世界体系论以及新葛兰西学派等三种不同的理论,它们分别采取垄断资本、不平等交换和历史结构等概念作为其研究架构。马克思主义理论的研究特色在于它打破了政治-经济、国家-市场和国际-国内的界线,试图建构一种结合政治、经济及社会的整体论分析架构,并且将议题带入历史脉络研究。关于欧洲一体化,马克思主义理论对此采取了批判立场,质疑一体化背后隐藏的剥削、不平等及支配关系。因此,除帝国及霸权的研究外,马克思主义理论也讨论了社会阶级与一体化的关联性,从而开创了更多元的研究议题,并能对这些议题提供方法论对话的渠道。     

The Red de Semillas Libres: Contesting Biohegemony in Colombia

The Red de Semillas Libres (Network of Free Seeds) in Colombia contests the expansion of, and dominant narratives on, agricultural biotechnology and intellectual property rights (IPRs) protections on seed – or what has been called ‘biohegemony’. We argue that despite its challenges, the Network contests ‘biohegemony’ through lawsuits, supporting ‘seed sovereignty’, and reframing the often taken‐for‐granted discourse on local seed varieties as raw material and a resource to be ‘discovered’, ‘invented’ and commodified by industry and Western‐based technoscience. Based on ethnographic research, we extend the concept of biohegemony to include struggle and contestation by examining how the Network pursues seed sovereignty.     

浅谈当前公司治理的几个问题

市场经济条件下的现代企业制度应是以完善的企业法人制度为基础,以公司企业为主要形态,具有产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、管理科学等特征。但目前公司治理结构仍存在着许多问题,必须依法对其整顿与规范。     

Population growth in U.S. counties, 1840–1990

We examine the location and growth of the U.S. population using county-level census data from 1840 and 1990. Natural characteristics (e.g., access to water transportation) heavily influenced where populations located in 1840, and produced characteristics in existence in 1840 (e.g., educational infrastructure) had a significant influence on subsequent growth. Evidence of population convergence appears only when the most-heavily-populated counties in 1840 are excluded from the sample. Moreover, when counties located on the western frontier are excluded from the full sample, on the assumption that they were relatively far from their steady-state populations, there is evidence of population divergence.     

Inflation Targeting and Relative Price Variability: What Difference Does Inflation Targeting Make?

This article studies the effects of inflation targeting (IT) on relative price variability (RPV) using a data set of twenty countries comprising both targeters and nontargeters. We find that a decline in mean inflation after IT adoption is not necessarily associated with a similar fall in RPV and that what matters most for the structural changes in RPV is the initial inflation regime prior to the adoption of IT rather than IT adoption itself. IT adoption impacts the shape of the underlying relationship between inflation and RPV in countries with initially high inflation rates, moving it from monotonic to the U‐shaped profile observed consistently for countries with low‐inflation regimes. The minimum point of this U‐shaped curve is indicative of the public's expectations of inflation and is very close to the announced target for inflation in most of the countries we study.     

中国传统的国家间信任思想及其启示

西方国际关系理论大多以国际社会无政府状态作为基本假设,对国家间信任没有给予足够的重视。然而,信任思想却是中国传统文化的主要内容之一。通过梳理中国传统的国家间信任思想以及借鉴社会学和心理学领域的信任理论,可以分别建构出以信用或信任作为自变量和因变量的因果理论以及以国家信用为中心的规范理论。中国先秦思想家认为:一方面,信用和信誉对一国的综合国力、相对权力、国家安全和战略成败等有着决定性的影响;信用和信任有助于国家间合作与友好,有助于同盟的建立和维持。另一方面,利益、透明度和信用等都是影响信任产生的关键因素。国家间信任理论对当代中国外交提供了许多有益的启示。将国家信用作为一项长期的对外战略,增加对外决策和对外战略的透明度,加强诚信政府建设,维持与周边国家的友好关系,积极参与国际组织和国际机制的建设,加强中国传统国际政治与外交思想的研究和宣传,这些措施将会有助于增加中国的国际信用、树立良好的国家信誉形象以及与周边邻国和主要大国构建互信关系。     

经济落后地区经济发展的后发劣势、后发优势与政府作用

本首先界定了经济落后地区经济发展中后发劣势和后发优势的含义，然后以中国经济发展为现实背景，从不同角度分析了经济落后地区在经济发展中面临的后发劣势与后发优势，接着分析了在克服或弱化经济落后地区面临的后发劣势中政府应该发挥的作用，最后分析了在利用经济落后地区面临的后发优势中政府应该发挥的作用。