对《形状和位置公差》新标准的理解和应用

通过对《形状和位置公差》新、旧国际的对比，综述了新、旧标准间的不同之处、便于迅速了解和应用新标准。     

Price rigidities and institutional variations in markets with posted prices

Summary Standard laboratory posted-offer markets respond slowly and incompletely to demand shocks. In these one-sided markets, where sellers control the setting of prices, very little information is transmitted via the process of exchange. For this reason, traders have trouble distinguishing randomness in their own experience from changes in market fundamentals. This paper reports the results of twelve laboratory markets conducted to assess whether some common variants to standard posted-offer rules can correct the adjustment deficiences. Although discounting, multiple postings and excess demand information all improve performance, we find that response remains poor, and efficiencies low.Support for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation (SBR 9319842 and SBR 9320044), and the University of Virginia Bankard Fund. Data are archived at FTP address: fido.econlab.arizona.edu. We wish to thank Charles Plott and Shyam Sunder for useful comments on an earlier draft of this paper. The usual disclaimer applies.     

教授独立董事的“颜值”会影响高管变更吗?——基于中国A股上市公司证据

本文利用2006-2015年中国上市公司数据,实证检验了不同所有权性质的企业,教授背景独立董事对高管变更业绩敏感性之间关系的差异,并检验了教授独立董事的"颜值"对高管变更业绩敏感性的影响。实证结果发现,教授独立董事可以增加高管在企业业绩较差的情况下变更的可能性,而"颜值"较高的教授独立董事可以减弱高管在企业业绩较差的情况下变更的可能性。另外,由于国有企业和民营企业不同的目标函数,使这种关系在国有企业更为明显。进一步研究发现,这种关系在企业聘用211高校的教授作为独立董事时仍然成立。这说明不同教授独立董事在不同环境下对于公司治理有着不同的作用,本文说明了独立董事制度作为外部治理机制的重要性,也证明了部分"花瓶"教授独立董事的存在。